FAYETTEVILLE, a city of North Carolina, U.S.A., at the head of navigation on the Cape Fear river, 8om. from the ocean; the county seat of Cumberland county. It is served by the Aber deen and Rockfish, the Atlantic Coast Line, and the Norfolk Southern railways, and by steamers to Wilmington, at the mouth of the river. The population was 8,877 in 19 2 o (3 8 % negroes) and it was 13,049 in 193o by the Federal census. It has numerous cotton mills and other factories, and a large shipping trade in naval stores, cotton, lumber and garden truck. A State normal school for negroes is situated here, and Iom. N.W. is Ft. Bragg, an important army post, with the largest artillery range in the country. This region was settled by Highlanders between 1729 and 1747, and a village called Cross Creek was within the present limits of Fayetteville. In 1762 a town was laid out, including Cross Creek, and was named Campbelltown, and in 1784, when Lafayette visited the town and spoke from the balcony of the town hall, the name was changed to do him honour. The Scottish heroine Flora McDonald, with her husband and children, spent most of the year 1775 here. Fayetteville was one of four towns that aspired to be the State capital. The general assembly met here in 1787, 1788 and 1789, and here in 1789 the Federal Consti tution was ratified. At the outbreak of the Civil War there was a U.S. arsenal in the town, containing 3 7,00o muskets and a complete equipment for a battery of light artillery, and it was promptly seized by the State authorities. In March, 1865, Gen. Sherman entered the town, destroying the arsenal and considerable property. In the early part of the 19th century Fayetteville was a great inland market for western North Carolina, eastern Tennessee and south-western Virginia. It was chartered as a city in 1893.