FELLOW, by origin a partner or associate, hence a compan ion, comrade or mate. The word from the 15th century has also been applied to any male person, often in a contemptuous or pity ing sense. The O.E. f eolage meant a partner in a business. The word was, therefore, the natural equivalent for socius, a member of the foundation of an incorporated college, as Eton, or a college at a university. In the earlier history of universities, °both the sen ior and junior members of a college were known as "scholars," but later, as now, "scholar" was restricted to those members of the foundation still in state pupillari, and "fellow" to those senior graduate members who have been elected to the foundation by the corporate body, sharing in the government and receiving a fixed emolument out of the revenues of the college, as at Oxford and Cambridge and Trinity, Dublin. At other universities the term is applied to the members of the governing body or to the holders of certain sums of money for a fixed number of years to be devoted to special study or research. By analogy the word is also used of the members of various learned societies and institutions.