FIRELESS COOKER. A device, smaller than the brick oven (q.v.), for cooking by conserved heat, and consisting of a food container packed by means of insulating material in an air-tight com partment. The food in the container is first brought to a good heat over a fire and then placed in the cooker, which is tightly closed. Baking is done by placing the food in a wire basket, under and over which are placed "stones" heated over a fire. The first fireless cookers used hay as the insulating material—the Norwegian haybox, and the homemade cookers in the United States generally have excelsior (wood-shavings) or crushed news paper as packing. Manufactured fireless cookers, however, are now in general use ; the insulating material is of various kinds, and these cookers are more sanitary than the homemade, as the lining—usually of aluminium—is nowhere penetrable by liquid or food. Gas and electric ranges are now made with insulated ovens, which act as fireless cookers. Any fireless cooker conserves cold as well as heat, and may be used for "still frozen" dishes. The advantages of the fireless cooker are : economy of fuel, (2) economy of time and labour, since the food needs no attention while cooking, (3) economy of utensils, (4) absence of heat and odours.