FOCSANI, a town of Rumania, capital of the department of Putna; on the river Milcov, which formed the ancient frontier between Moldavia and Walachia. Pop. (193o) 3 2, 799 ; of whom c. 6,000 were Jews. The chief buildings are the prefecture, schools, synagogues, and many churches, including those of the Armenians and Protestants. Foclani is a commercial centre of some im portance, the chief industries being oil and soap manufacture and tannery. A large wine trade is also carried on, and corn is shipped in lighters to Galatz. The annual fair is held on April 29. The vicinity is rich in iron, copper, coal and petroleum. Near Focsani the Turks suffered a severe defeat from the Austrians and Russians in 1789.