FERRUCCIO or FERRUCCI, FRANCESCO 1530), Florentine captain. He served in the Bande Nere in various parts of Italy, earning a reputation as a daring fighter and some what of a swashbuckler. When Pope Clement VII. and the emperor Charles V. decided to reinstate the Medici in Florence, they made war on the Florentine republic, and Ferruccio was appointed Florentine military commissioner at Empoli, where he showed great daring and resource by his rapid marches and sudden attacks on the Imperialists. Early in 153o Volterra had thrown off Florentine allegiance and had been occupied by an Imperialist garrison, but Ferruccio surprised and recaptured the city. Dur ing his absence, however, the Imperialists captured Empoli by treachery, thus cutting off one of the chief avenues of approach to Florence. Ferruccio then attempted a diversion by attacking the Imperialists in the rear and started from Volterra for the Apennines. But at Pisa he was laid up for a month with a fever —a misfortune which enabled the enemy to get wind of his plan and to prepare for his attack. At the end of July Ferruccio left Pisa at the head of about 4,00o men, and although the besieged in FIorence, knowing that a large part of the Imperialists under the prince of Orange had gone to meet Ferruccio, wished to co operate with the latter by means of a sortie, they were prevented from doing so by their own traitorous commander-in-chief, Malatesta Baglioni. Ferruccio was defeated on Aug. 3 at Gavi nana ; he himself was wounded and captured. Maramaldo out of personal spite despatched the wounded man with his own hand. Nine days later Florence surrendered. Ferruccio was one of the great soldiers of the age, and his enterprise is the finest episode of the last days of the Florentine republic. (See also under