ANDREA GABRIELI (c. 1510-1586), Venetian composer and teacher, was born in Venice, in the quarter called Canareggio, about 151O. He became a pupil of the Flemish master Willaert, maestro di cappella at St. Mark's. In 1566 he succeeded Merulo as second organist of St. Mark's and was later appointed first organist, a post which he held until his death in 1586. Willaert, who had settled in Venice in 1527, was the virtual founder of the new Venetian school, for it was under his pupils Andrea Gabrieli and Joseffo Zarlino that Italian music began to free itself from the supremacy of the Netherland masters, which had been un shaken for nearly a century. The rambling "Ricercar" for organ was given form and meaning by the two Gabrielis, in whose hands it finally became the "canzone alle francese," the first canzoni for organ being those written by Andrea in 1571. The canzone form was also adopted for combinations of strings or other instruments. Another form associated with Andrea is the Toccata, which was the earliest form of virtuoso composition for organ. Andrea en joyed great fame as a teacher. His most celebrated pupils were his nephew Giovanni and Leo Hassler.