FUNDY, BAY OF, an inlet of the North Atlantic, separating New Brunswick from Nova Scotia. It was first explored by the Sieur de Monts (d. c. 1628) in 1604 and named by him La Baye Francaise. It is 145 m. long and 48 m. wide at the mouth, but narrows towards the head, where it divides into Chignecto bay to the north which subdivides into Shepody bay and Cumberland basin (the French Beaubassin), and Minas channel, leading into Minas basin. Off its western shore opens Passamaquoddy Bay, forming part of the boundary between New Brunswick and the State of Maine. The Bay of Fundy is remarkable for the great rise and fall of the tide, which at the head of the bay has been known to reach 62 feet. In Passamaquoddy bay the rise and fall is about 25 ft. Though the bay is deep, navigation is rendered dangerous by the violence and rapidity of the tide, and in summer by frequent fogs. At low tide, at such points as Moncton or Am herst, only an expanse of red mud is seen, and the tide rushes in a bore from 3 to 6 ft. in height. Large areas of fertile marshes are situated at the head of the bay, and the remains of a submerged forest show that the land has subsided at least 4o ft. in the latest geological period. The bay has numerous harbours, of which the chief are St. Andrews (on Passamaquoddy bay) and St. John in New Brunswick, and Digby and Annapolis (on an inlet known as Annapolis basin) in Nova Scotia.