FRIEDRICH, CASPAR DAVID German landscape painter and engraver, born at Greifswald on Sept. 5, 1774. He studied under Dr. J. G. Quistorp, the university draw ing master of his native town, and from 1794 to 1798 at the Academy of Copenhagen. He then settled at Dresden, where he was a member of an artistic and literary circle of friends, which included Runge, Tieck and Novalis. His drawings in sepia, exe cuted in his neat early style, won Goethe's approval and a prize from a Weimar art society in 1805. His first important oil paint ing, dated 1807, was an altarpiece for the castle of Graf Thun in Teschen, representing a "Crucifix in Mountain Scenery." Other notable works were the "Graveyard in Snow" (r 8 r o) , "Alpine Scenery" (1828), now in the National Gallery, Berlin; "Two Men Contemplating the Moon" (1819), in Dresden; and "Rest in a Hayfield" (1835). In 1824 he was made professor of the Dres den academy. He died on May 7, 1840, at Dresden. For a long time his work was neglected and forgotten ; but recently his memory has been revived. His influence made itself felt in the work of his pupils and friends, K. G. Carus, G. Kersting, K. F. Lessing, F. Olivier, E. Ohme, the Norwegian J. C. Dahl and others.