FUAD I. (1868-1936), king of Egypt, was born at the palace of Gizeh on March 26, 1868, the youngest son of the khedive Ismail Pasha. After his father's debacle Prince Ahmed Fuad, as he then was, went to Italy where his youth was spent. He re turned to Egypt in the 'nineties and was appointed aide-de-camp to the khedive Abbas Hilmi. He found outlet for his energies by presiding over charitable and educational institutions and was largely responsible for the foundation of the Egyptian university, of which he became president. In 1917 his elder brother, the sultan Hussein Kiamil died, and as the latter's son, Prince Kemal ed Din, renounced the rights of succession, Prince Fuad became sultan. After the termination of the British protectorate on Feb. 28, 1922, he was proclaimed king of Egypt (March 16) . He had married on May 25, 1919, the Princess Nazli, daughter of Abdel Rehim Sabri Pasha, a former governor of Cairo, and his heir, Prince Faruk, was born on Feb. 11, 192o.
After the serious Anglo-Egyptian crisis of 1927 King Fuad, accompanied by Sarwat Pasha, the Egyptian prime minister, vis ited England, where he had a great reception. He left London for Paris on July 26, and paid a state visit to Rome (Aug. 2-6) be fore returning to Egypt on Nov. 14. At the opening of parliament he outlined his negotiations in London with reference to Egypt and the Sudan. He also referred to the proposed extension of jurisdiction of the Mixed Courts, and the reform of the Capitu lations. In June, 1928 were published unsavoury revelations con cerning Nahas Pasha, the nationalist premier, and certain of his colleagues. Taking advantage of the discredit thus brought on the Government, the king forced Nahas Pasha from office on July 20, dismissed parliament and announced that he would take the reins of power himself, and Mahomed Mahmud Pasha the liberal leader accepted the premiership at his hands (see EGYPT: History) .