GALLIPOLI (anc. Callipolis), seaport town and episcopal see of Apulia, Italy, province of Lecce, 31 m. S. by W. of Lecce by rail, 46 ft. above sea-level. Pop. town, 8,302; commune, 12,212. It is situated on a rocky island in the Gulf of Taranto but is united to the mainland by a bridge, protected by a castle constructed by Charles I. of Anjou. The handsome cathedral dates from 1629. See G. Gigli, Gallipoli, Otranto e dintorui (Bergamo, Arti Grafiche, 1912) , well illustrated.