Action Of The Sea
Action Of The Sea On The Earth's Crust Of The Thousands Of Earnest Students Of The Physical Geography Of The Globe, But Very Few Have The Time Or The Means To Become Actually Acquainted With The Various Phe Nomena, The Origin And Functions Of Which They Endeavour To Trace. Few ...
Atmospheric Movements Or Waves
Atmospheric Movements Or Waves Of The Ocean By The Atmospheric Movements Of The Ocean, We Mean Those Surface Disturbances Produced By Atmospheric Currents Or Winds Acting On The Surface Of The Water. The " Waves " Thus Produced Are The Simplest Of All The Movements To Which The Ocean Is ...
Classification Of Currents Of
Classification Of Currents Of The Ocean By The Term "oceanic Circulation" Is Meant The Whole Of Those Progressive Movements Of The Water Generally Called Currents. But Several Causes Tend To Produce Different Aspects Of These As Well As Other Movements Of The Ocean. Thus Constant Currents, Or Stream Currents—as They ...
Colour Inphosphorescence Of The
Colour Inphosphorescence Of The Sea The Natural Colour Of Perfectly Pure Water Is Most Probably Blue, But In Small Quantities The Bluish Tint Cannot Be Perceived, And The Water Appears Absolutely Colourless. The Colour Of The Sea Varies From A Greenish Tint In Shallow Water, To A Rich Indigo Blue ...
Composition Of Sea Water_p1
Composition Of Sea Water The Salts Of The Sea Water, Chemically Considered, Is Composed Of Two Gases— Hydrogen And Oxygen, Combined In The Proportion Of Eight Parts Of Oxygen To One Of Hydrogen By Weight, Or Of Two Parts Of Hydrogen And One Of Oxygen By Volume; Or, More Accurately, ...
Composition Of Sea Water_p2
It Will Be Readily Seen That The Saltness Of The Sea Will Be, Generally Speaking, Not Only More Uniform, But Also Some What Greater At Certain Depths Than At The Surface. For The Surface Waters Of The Sea Are Nearly Everywhere More Or Less Subject To Admixture With Large Quantities ...
Definitions General Geography Of
Definitions General Geography Of The Oceans The Vast Collection Of Water Which Surrounds The Land In Every Direction Is Commonly Called The " Sea," And Is Really Continuous And Indivisible. The Intervention Of The Great Land-masses, However, Is Such That The Sea Can Be Conveniently Divided Into Five More Or ...
Density Of Sea Water
Density Of Sea Water Density Colour And Phosphorescence Of The Sea Since Sea Water Contains From 3.5 To 4.5 Per Cent, Of Solid Matters In Solution, It Is Therefore, Bulk For Bulk, Heavier Than Fresh Water. For Instance, A Cubic Foot Of Fresh Water Weighs 1,000 Oz., But The Same ...
Depth Of The Ocean
Depth Of The Ocean Theory Op Waves The Depth Of Various Parts Of The Ocean Have Also Been Approximately Determined By Observations On Waves, And The Results, Thus Obtained, Agree In A Very Remarkable Manner With The Latest Reliable "soundings." The Astronomer-royal, Sir G. Airy, First Propounded The Theory That ...
Depth Of The Ocean_2
Depth Of The Ocean General Results As The Details Of The Depth Of Particular Parts Of The Ocean Will Be Included In The Special Geography Of Each Ocean, It Will Suffice Here To Summarize The Principal Results Of Recent Observations As To The Depth Of The Ocean. The Formerly General ...
Depth Op The Ocean_p1
Depth Op The Ocean Deep Sea Soundings Depth Of The Ocean And Form Of Sea Bottom Before Giving The Main Results Of The More Recent Re Searches As To The Depth Of The Ocean, It May Perhaps Be Advisable To Present The Student With A Few Particulars Relative To The ...
Depth Op The Ocean_p2
Supposing The Weight To Have Reached The Bottom, And Remained Stationary, Was It Not Probable That The Line Had Been Deflected From Its Vertical Position By Under-currents, With The Result Of Greatly Exaggerating The Depth The Immense Lengths Of Line Formerly Reported To Be Run Out Con Firmed What Had ...
Different Aspects Of Waves
Different Aspects Of Waves Of The Ocean The Term " Wave " Is Applied Indiscriminately To All Undulations Of The Surface-water, Whatever Their Magnitude Or Cause. Besides The Wind, Earthquakes, And The Attraction Of The Sun And Moon, Also Produce "waves," Distinguished As Wind-waves, Earthquake-waves, And Tidal-waves, Respectively. Atmospheric Disturbances ...
Distribution Of Marine Life
Distribution Of Marine Life The Sea As Well As The Land Teems With Animal And Vegetable Life, Different Of Course In Form, But, On The Whole, Similarly Distributed ; And The Higher Forms, At Least, Affected By The Same Climatical Conditions. There Is, However, This Great Distinction, That The Highest ...
Distribution Of Marine Vegetable
Distribution Of Marine Vegetable Life The Distribution Of Plants On Land Is Fixed By The Con Ditions Of Soil And Climate; The Greatest Profusion Being Within The Tropics, And Gradually Disappearing Horizontally Towards The Poles, And Vertically To The Limit Of Perpetual Snow. Marine Vegetable Forms Are Similarly Distributed, Both ...
Divisions Of The Ocean
Divisions Of The Ocean Although The Waters Of The Ocean Form One Vast Con Tinuous And Naturally Indivisible Body, They Are Configured By The Intervention Of The Great Land Masses Into Five More Or Less Well-defined Areas. Thus We Have The Atlantic' Ocean, Between The Old World On The East ...
Form Of Sea Bottom_p1
Form Of Sea Bottom Reasoning By Analogy Alone, We Would Infer That The Visible And Invisible Portions Of The Earth's Outer Crust Must, Generally Speaking, Present The Same Characteristic Features Of Conformation ; That The Irregular Elevations And Depressions, Mountains And Valleys, Plateaux And Plains Of The Land, Will Have ...
Form Of Sea Bottom_p2
How, Then, Can We Account For The Present Regularity Of The Sea Bottom? The Idea That It Has Been "planed Down," As It Were, By Vast Deep-sea Currents, Is Absurd : For Would Not Their Action Produce The Very Irregularities Which They Are Supposed To Have Removed I Besides, It ...
General View Of The
General View Of The Currents Op The Ocean As The Subject Of "oceanic Circulation," And More Es Pecially The Causes Of Ocean-currents, Cannot Be Discussed With Out Referring Frequently To Particular Currents, The Student Should, Therefore, Have Some Knowledge Of The Position And Direction Of The Principal Currents Before Attempting ...
Horizontal Distribution Of Marine
Horizontal Distribution Of Marine Animal Life The Horizontal Distribution Of Marine Fauna Is, Like That Of The Land, Dependent Primarily Upon Climatic Conditions. Thus The Shark And Sperm Whale Exist In The Tropical And Temperate Seas, While The Right Whale Frequents The Colder Northern Seas. The Herring, Cod, And Other ...
Influence Of The Sea_p1
Influence Of The Sea On The Distribution Of Climate Water, Of All Known Substances, Has The Highest Specific Heat, Or, In Other Words, Has The Greatest Capacity For Heat ; That Is, It Requires More Heat To Raise The Temperature Of A Given Quantity Of Water To A Certain Degree ...
Influence Of The Sea_p2
The Most Important Agents In The Distribution Of Heat Are Marine And Aerial Currents. The Former Only Are Properly Within The Scope Of This Work, And We Must Therefore Refer The Student Desirous Of Investigating The Climatical Influence Of The Latter To Other Works On Physical Geography, In Which The ...
Introduction General Geography Of
Introduction General Geography Of The Oceans Although It May Be Taken For Granted That The Various Terms Which We Shall Have Occasion To Use In The Following Pages Are Already Sufficiently Familiar To The Student, Yet, Bearing In Mind That Nothing Is So Important In Scientific Description As Exactness And ...
Introduction To Movements Of
Introduction To Movements Of The Ocean We Have Already (art. 48) Noticed The Remarkable Uniformity In The Composition Of Sea Water Throughout The Ocean—horizontally, From The Equator To The Poles ; And Ver Tically, From The Surface To The Bottom. The Composition Of Sea Water Certainly Varies Slightly With The ...
Introduction To Temperature Of
Introduction To Temperature Of The Ocean Although Water, Of All Substances, Has The Greatest Capacity For Heat—or, In Other Words, Has The Highest Specific Heat—yet It Is A Bad Conductor Of Heat. Thus Heat Applied To One Part Of A Mass Of Water, Is Not Transferred From Atom To Atom, ...
Marine Denudation Instances On
Marine Denudation Instances On British And Other Coasts Geologically Considered, The Oldest Rocks In Britain Lie Along Its Western And Northern Shores ; While The Newer, And Therefore Softer, Strata Are In General Limited To Its Eastern And Southern Districts. The Sea-cliffs On The Southern And Eastern Coasts Of England ...
Navigation And Progress Of
Navigation And Progress Of Discovery It May, Perhaps, Be Not Unadvisable To Close The Gene Ralities In The First Section Of This Little Work With A Brief Sketch Of The Progress Of Navigation, From The First Limited Efforts Of The Early Navigators From Port To Port In The Mediterranean To ...
Notes On The Principal
Notes On The Principal Seas Belonging To The Atlantic. The Atlantic Ocean Is Distinguished From All The Other Great Divisions Of The Ocean By The Number And Magnitude Of The "seas" Belonging To It Of Which The Principal Strictly Inland Seas Are—the Baltic, The Mediterranean, The Sea Of Marmora, Black ...
Ocean Currents Influence Of
Ocean Currents Influence Of The Earth's Rotation The Student Must Bear In Mind That The Various Move Ments Of The Ocean Which We Have Described, Operate On A Globe Not A Moment At Rest, But Rotating On Its Axis At The Rate Of Over 1,000 Miles An Hour At The ...
Ocean Currents Temperature And
Ocean Currents Temperature And Velocity The Great Distinction Between Currents And The Other Movements Of The Sea Is—that The Former Alone Effect An Actual Transference Of The Water From One Part Of The Ocean To Another. Both Wind-waves And Tides Are Mere Undulations, Leaving The Water, As Regards Temperature, Almost ...
Ocean Waves Their Magnitude
Ocean Waves Their Magnitude Velocity And Force The Magnitude Of Waves Is Generally Greatly Exaggerated, The Expression "mountains High" Being Often Used. But It Is Proved That Even The Largest Billows Do Not Disturb The Water At A Depth Of More Than 300 Feet ; The Wave Itself Being Only ...
Oceanic Circulation_p1
Oceanic Circulation The Remarkable Uniformity In The Composition Of Sea Water From The Equator To The Poles, And From The Surface To The Lowest Depths, Is Undoubtedly A Proof Of A General And Constant Interchange Of The Waters Of The Ocean; For Otherwise, Owing To Excessive Evaporation In Some Localities, ...
Oceanic Circulation_p2
Of Ice Is Placed. On The Other End A, A Piece Of Metal Ab, Is Placed In Contact With The Water, And Heated At One End By A Lamp At A. A Little Blue Colouring Liquid Is Put Into The Water Near The Ice, And A Little Red Colour Near ...
Oceanic Intercommunication_p1
Oceanic Intercommunication It Is Scarcely Necessary To Draw The Attention Of The Student To The Importance Of A Clear Conception Of The Actual And Relative Position Of The Great Oceans And Minor Seas. This, In Fact, Is Indispensable ; Otherwise, No Matter What Amount Of Information May Be Acquired, It ...
Oceanic Intercommunication_p2
On Its Western Side The North Atlantic Is Connected With The Polar Seas By Davis And Hudson's Straits; The Former Opening Directly Into Baifin Bay, The Latter Into Hud Son Bay. The Gulf Of St. Lawrence Communicates With The Atlantic On The North By Belleisle Strait, On The South By ...
Oceanice River Systems_p1
Oceanice River Systems The Foregoing Articles On The Distribution, Relative Areas And Position, Principal And Minor Divisions, Of The Great Waters Of The Globe, Together With Their Intercommunication, Require A Brief Sketch Of The Principal Oceanic River-systems, To Com Plete What May Be Termed The General Geography Of The Oceans. ...
Oceanice River Systems_p2
And Since The Relief Of The Various Continents Determines The Direction In Which Their Rivers Must Flow, We Find That The Greatest Slope Of The Land Masses Are Towards The Arctic And Atlantic Oceans, Which Therefore Receive By Far The Larger Number Of The Rivers Of The Globe. And As ...
Physical Geography Of The
Physical Geography Of The Oceans The Cohesion Of Particles Of Water Being Limited, They Are Free To Arrange Themselves In Obedience To The Slightest Impulse. This, In Conjunction With Its All But Incompressibility, Is The Cause Of What We May Call The Sensitiveness Of Water To Disturbances ; The Most ...
Pressure And Weight Op
Pressure And Weight Op The Ocean Another Point Closely Connected With The Depth Of The Sea Is That Of Its Pressure, Or, In Other Words, The Actual Weight Of The Mass Of Water At Various Depths From The Surface To The Bottom. Knowing From Common Observation The Weight Of Even ...
Proper Movements Or Currents
Proper Movements Or Currents Of The Ocean However Violent The Wind, The " Waves " It Produces Scarcely Ever Exceed Forty Feet From Crest To Trough, And Are Therefore Essentially Surface-disturbances. The "tides," On The Contrary, Are The Result Of An Attraction, Exerted Chiefly By The Moon, And Affecting The ...
Results Of The Saltness
Results Of The Saltness Of The Sea It Is A Well-known Fact That, Under Similar Conditions, Evaporation Is Much More Rapid From Fresh Than From Salt Water. The Actual Difference Has Been Experimentally Proved To Be About 0.54 Per Cent, So That It Is Highly Probable That The Saltness Of ...
Sidereal Movements Or Tides
Sidereal Movements Or Tides In Art. 2 We Defined The Term " Sea-level " As The General Level Of The Surface Of The Ocean, Irrespective Of The Essentially Surface-disturbances Produced By Winds, Or The Periodical Rising And Falling Of The Water Known As The Tide. Although Wind-waves Are Occasionally Of ...
Temperature Of The Ocean_p1
Temperature Of The Ocean Horizontal And Vertical Horizontally, The Temperature Of The Ocean, Like That Of The Land, Depends On The Amount Of Solar Heat, And Varies Similarly With The Latitude—being Highest In The Tropics, And Falling Away Towards The Poles. But The Distribu Tion Of The Temperature Of The ...
Temperature Of The Ocean_p2
In The Atlantic, On The Contrary, Communication With The Arctic Is Comparatively Open, By Davis' Strait To The North-west, And The Vast Channel—divided Into Two Unequal Portions By Iceland—extending From The Eastern Shores Of Greenland To Norway. That There Is A " Set " Of The Colder Arctic Waters Into ...
The Antarctic Ocean Generalities
The Antarctic Ocean Generalities The Antarctic Ocean Is The Name Given To The Whole Body Of Water Comprised Within The Antarctic Circle, But Which Is Of Limited Extent, If It Be True That The Various Portions Of Land Sighted On Or Near The Circle Are The Coasts Of An Immense ...
The Antarctic Ocean Historical_p1
The Antarctic Ocean Historical Notes The Discovery Of The Continent Of America By Columbus Revived In Full Force The Theoretical Notion Of The Old Geogra Phers Relative To The Existence Of A Vast Continent To The South. The Search For This Terra Australis Incognita—as The Pro Bable Southern Continent Was ...
The Antarctic Ocean Historical_p2
In 1830 Biscoe Set Out For The South Seas In Command Of The Brig Tula And The Cutter Lively, Belonging To Messrs. Enderby. Leaving The Falkland Islands On The 8th Novem Ber, They Discovered Land On The 27th January In The Following Year, In Lat. 65° 57' S., And Long. ...
The Antarctic Ocean Historical_p3
In 1839 Sir James Clark Ross Was Sent Out In Com Mand Of An Expedition Fitted Out By The British Government To Determine The Position Of The South Magnetic Pole, And To Explore The Antarctic Seas In The Highest Possible Latitude. On The 12th Of May, 1840, The Erebus And ...
The Arctic Ocean Generalities_p1
The Arctic Ocean Generalities The Arc Tic Ocean Comprises The Whole Water-area Within The Arctic Circle, And Is Almost Completely Enclosed By The Northern Coasts Of The Old And New Worlds. With The Exception Of A Southerly Bight Opening Into Behring's Strait, The Coasts Of Asia, From The Mouth Of ...
The Arctic Ocean Generalities_p2
The European Section Is Limited—the Rivers Being Few In Number, And Of No Great Importance. The Principal Are The Onega, Dwina, And Mezen, Which Enter The White Sea, And The Petchora, Which Falls Into The Arctic Ocean. The American Section Comprises One Large River, The Mackenzie, And Several Smaller Ones, ...
The Arctic Ocean Historical_p1
The Arctic Ocean Historical Notes Passing Over The Semi-mythical Voyages To Iceland, Greenland, And " Many Other Islands Beyond Norway, Even Under The North Pole," Mentioned By Geoffrey Of Monmouth And Lombard As Having Been Made During The Reign Of The Old British King Arthur—the Exploits Of The Heligolander Othar, ...
The Arctic Ocean Historical_p2
On The 4th Of June, 1594, William Barents Sailed From The Texel, In Command Of The Mercurius, Fitted Out By The Merchants Of Amsterdam. On The 4th Of The Following Month He Sighted Nova Zembla, And, Doubling Cape Nassau, Pushed Along The Coast As Far As The Orange Islands. Here, ...
The Arctic Ocean Historical_p3
Captain Johansen, In 1870, Successfully Circumnavi Gated Nova Zembla—a Feat Which Was Repeated The Following Year By Captain Carlsen, Who, As We Have Already Mentioned, Discovered The Hut In Which Barents And His Companions Had-passed The Winter Of 1596-7, And Which Had Not Been Visited For 278 Years. The Many ...
The Arctic Ocean Historical_p4
Professor Nordenskiold Having Explored Spitzbergen, Decided To Push Eastwards Through The Kara Sea, And Left Tromsoe In The Proeven, In June, 1875. In The Following Month He Sailed Through The Matyushin Shar In Nova Zembla, To The Mouth Of The Yenesei, On The North Side Of Which The Swedish Flag ...
The Atlantic Intercommunication By
The Atlantic Intercommunication By Straits And Channels The Atlantic Communicates With The Arctic On The North By Two Unequal Channels, Between Norway And Iceland, And Iceland And Greenland Respectively. The Latter Is Termed The East Greenland Channel, Or Denmark Strait ; The Fornier Has No Distinctive Appellation. By The North ...
The Atlantic Ocean And
The Atlantic Ocean And Its Islands The Principal Islands In The North Atlantic Are— Great Britain And Ireland, With The Hebrides, Orkneys, Shetlands, And Other- Contiguous Islands ; The Faroe Is., The Vigten, And Other Islands Off The Coast Of Norway ; A Chain Of Islands Along The Western Coasts ...
The Atlantic Ocean General_p1
The Atlantic Ocean General Character Of Coasts The General Character Of The Coasts Of The Atlantic Will Probably Be Better Understood If The Coasts Of Each Country Bordering Upon It Be Briefly Described. Following The Same Arrangement As That In The Table On Page 121, We Have First The Coast ...
The Atlantic Ocean General_p2
The Atlantic Shores Of North America, Though Con Siderably Indented, Are Yet Inferior In Extent To Those Of Western Europe. The Shores Of Eastern Greenland, Being Constantly Bathed By The Cold Arctic Current, Are Generally Ice Bound. Its Western Shores Are More Broken, And Somewhat Higher. The Coasts Of The ...
The Atlantic Ocean Historical_p1
The Atlantic Ocean Historical Notes In The Present Day The More Civilized Nations In Habit The Shores Of The North Atlantic Ocean, But Formerly Civilization Was Most Largely Diffused Along The Shores Of The Mediterranean. It Was In That Great Inland Sea, In Itself Almost An Ocean, That Navigation Made ...
The Atlantic Ocean Historical_p2
In The Previous Year (1501) Tristan D'acunha Had Been Sighted By A Portuguese Navigator Of The Same Name, And On Ascension Day, Juan De Nova Discovered The Rocky Islet Of Ascension, And In The Year Following, St. Helena. Thomas Aubert Visited Canada In 1508, And In 1512 Ponce De Leon, ...
The Atlantic Ocean Its
The Atlantic Ocean Its Boundaries And Extent The Atlantic Ocean, Though Considerably Smaller Than The Pacific, Is By Far The More Important, And, Having Been For Centuries The Great Highway Of Commerce Between The More Civilized Nations Of The Earth, It Is Also Much Better Known. Bounded On The East ...
The Atlantic Ocean Its_2
The Atlantic Ocean Its Seas Bays And Gulfs The Coast-line Of The Atlantic Ocean Is So Extended By Numerous Indentations, As To Exceed In Length That Of All The Other Oceans Taken Together. Nearly All Its Inland Gulfs And Bays, However, Belong To Its Northern Division—the North At Land; Which ...
The Atlantic Ocean Its_3
The Atlantic Ocean Its River Systems We Have Already Briefly Enumerated The Principal Rivers Flowing Into The Atlantic, Which Receives Several Of The Largest Rivers Of The Globe. Although The Atlantic Is Scarcely Half The Size Of The Pacific, Yet Its Drainage Area Is 2i Times Greater, Being 19,050,000 Square ...
The Atlantic Ocean Its_4
The Atlantic Ocean Its Depth And Configuration Of Its Bed Previous To The Recent Scientific Exploration Of The Atlantic, Depths Of Forty And Even Fifty Thousand Feet Were Occasionally Reported, And Its Basin Was Regarded As A Vast Unbroken Canal-like Abyss, Deepest Along A Middle Line Be Tween The Shores ...
The Atlantic Ocean Its_p1
The Atlantic Ocean Its Currents "there Is A River In The Ocean. In The Severest Droughts It Never Fails, And In The Mightiest Floods It Never Overflows. Its Banks And Its Bottoms Are Of Cold Water, While Its Current Is Of Warm. The Gulf Of Mexico Is Its Fountain, And ...
The Atlantic Ocean Its_p2
From The Diffused Warm-water Area Which Marks The Termination Of The True Gulf Stream, There Is Also A Southerly Drift Between The Azores And The Coast Of Spain. The North African Current Thus Formed, Being Deflected By The North Western Coast Of Africa, Sweeps To The South-west, And Bifur Cates ...
The Atlantic Ocean Its_p3
By Mr. Wragge, A Scientific Voyager In The Hesperia, Can Be Pretty Accurately Determined. During The Month Of May 1878, When The Bottle Was Committed To The Sea, The Barometric Observations In The Atlantic Demonstrate The Prevalence Of A Large Area Of High Pressure (3020 Inches) In The Region South ...
The Atlantic Ocean Navigation
The Atlantic Ocean Navigation And Commerce The Canal-like Configuration Of The Atlantic Ocean, Ex Tending From The Antarctic On The South To The Arctic On The North, And The Influence Of The Four Vast And Widely Different Continental Land-masses Forming Its Eastern And Western Limits, Are The Causes Of Several ...
The Baltic Sea Part
The Baltic Sea Part Of The Atlantic The Baltic Sea Lies In The North-west Of Europe, And Is Bounded By Russia On The East, Prussia On The South, And Sweden And Denmark On The West. It Has An Area Of About 160,000 Square Miles, And An Extreme Length And Breadth ...
The Black Sea Part
The Black Sea Part Of The Atlantic The Black Sea 1 Lies Between European Turkey On The West, South Russia On The North, And Caucasia On The East. It Is Oval-shaped, And, Including The Sea Of Azov, Has An Area Of 180,000 Square Miles. It Is Connected With The Mediterranean ...
The Caspian Sea Part
The Caspian Sea Part Of The Atlantic Although The Caspian Sea Is In Reality A Vast Salt-water Lake, And Does Not Belong To The Atlantic Like The Previous Seas, Still A Few Particulars Respecting It May Be Of Use To The Student. This Sea Lies On The South-eastern Borders Of ...
The Distribution Of Land
The Distribution Of Land And Water Relative Areas And Position We Have Already Noticed The Characteristic Irregularities Of The Earth's Outer Crust As Regards Elevation Or Relief. The Same Extreme Irregularity Is Also Apparent In The Configura Tion Or Contour Of The Land Masses, A Result Of The Irregular Distribution ...
The Indian Ocean Bays
The Indian Ocean Bays Gulfs Channels And Straits Of The Various Inlets Of The Indian Ocean, Two Only, The Red Sea And Persian Gulf; Are, Strictly Speaking, Inland Seas. The Extension North Of 10° N. Lat., Between Arabia And The West Coast Of India, Is Known As The Arabian Seas ...
The Indian Ocean Boundaries
The Indian Ocean Boundaries And Extent The Indian Ocean Is Distinguished From The Atlantic And Pacific Oceans By Not Only A Much Smaller Area, But Also By The Fact That It Alone Of The Three Great Oceans Is Entirely Separated From The North Polar Basin. Both The Atlantic And Pacific ...
The Indian Ocean General_p1
The Indian Ocean General Character Of Coasts Principal Currents Depth And Form Of Its Basin From Algoa Bay To Natal The Coast Is Comparatively High, And In Parts Rocky And Entirely Destitute Of Harbours. The Ports Of Elizabeth And East London Are Open, Exposed Bays; While That Of Natal Is ...
The Indian Ocean General_p2
In The Indian Ocean The Antarctic Drift Divides Off Cape Leeuwin, One Branch Holding On To The East, Along The South Coast Of Australia, And Meeting Off Victoria The East Australian Current ; The Other Branch Proceeds In A Northerly Direction Nearly Parallel To The Coast Of West Australia, As ...
The Indian Ocean Historical_p1
The Indian Ocean Historical Notes Unlike The Atlantic And Pacific Oceans, Of Which The Nations Of Antiquity Knew But Little, The Indian Ocean Seems To Have Been Approached From South-eastern Europe Overland By Persia And India, And By The Red Sea, At A Very Early Period. If The Ophir Of ...
The Indian Ocean Historical_p2
Drake, In The Course Of His Voyage Round The World, Crossed The Indian Ocean In 1580. Lancaster's Voyage To India (1591-4) Led To The Formation In 1599 Of The East India Company. The First Fleet Sent Out Was Commanded By. Sir James Lancaster, With John Davis As Pilot-major, But Did ...
The Indian Ocean Navigation
The Indian Ocean Navigation And Commeroe Before The Introduction Of Steam As A Motive Power The Navigation Of The Northern Parts Of The Indian Ocean Was Especially Hazardous—the Complicated And Uncertain Cur Rents, The Monsoons And Hurricanes, The Deficiency Of Sheltered Ports And Roadsteads, Frequently Combined To Imperil The Old ...
The Mediterranean Sea Part
The Mediterranean Sea Part Of The Atlantic The By Far The Largest And Most Import Ant Inland Sea In The World, Lies Between Europe On The North, Africa On The South, And Asia On The East. Its Length, From The Straits Of Gibraltar To The Coast Of Syria, Is 2,300 ...
The Pacific Ocean General
The Pacific Ocean General Character Of Its Coasts As Will Be Seen From An Examination Of The Accom Panying Map, The Coast-line Of The Pacific Is On The Whole Very Little Indented. Its Eastern Shores Are, With The Excep Tion Of The Gulf Of California, Regular And Unbroken ; Its ...
The Pacific Ocean Historical_p1
The Pacific Ocean Historical Notes Both The Atlantic And Indian Oceans Were Partially Known At A Very Early Period To The Adventurous Voyagers Of Phcenicia, But For Hundreds Of Years After The Decline Of Their Extensive Commerce, The Great Nations That Dwelt On The Borders Of The Mediterranean Knew Nothing ...
The Pacific Ocean Historical_p2
Of All The Navigators Of The Eighteenth Century, The Greatest Addition To A Thorough Knowledge Of The Pacific And Its Islands Resulted From The Famous Voyages Of Captain Cook. Having Coasted New Zealand In 1769, He Sailed North West, And Explored The Eastern Coast Of Australia, Which He Named New ...
The Pacific Ocean Its
The Pacific Ocean Its Boundaries And Extent The Pacific Oceans Is By Far The Largest Expanse Of Water On The Globe, Being Nearly Double The Size Of The Atlantic, And Having An Area Variously Estimated At From Fifty To One Hundred Millions Of Square Miles. It Extends From Behring's Strait ...
The Pacific Ocean Its_2
The Pacific Ocean Its Islands One Of The Most Distinctive Features Of The Pacific Ocean Is The Vast Number Of Islands And Island-groups, Some Of Which Are Volcanic, But By Far The Greater Number Are Of Coral Formation. Most Of The Islands Of Volcanic Origin Are Skirted, Or Entirely Encircled, ...
The Pacific Ocean Its_3
The Pacific Ocean Its Seas Bays Gulfs Straits And Channels A Characteristic Feature Of The Pacific Ocean Is The Series Of Gulfs And Seas On Its Western Side, Partly Enclosed By A Line Of Islands From Alaska To Australia, And The Almost Entire Absence Of Any Considerable Indentation, Except The ...
The Pacific Ocean Its_4
The Pacific Ocean Its River Systems Although The Area Of The Pacific Is Nearly Twice That Of The Atlantic, The Drainage Area Of The Latter Ocean Is 2.5 Times Greater Than That Of The Former, Consequently A Much Smaller Number Of Rivers Discharge Their Waters Into The Pacific. This Is ...
The Pacific Ocean Its_5
The Pacific Ocean Its Depth And Configuration Of Its Bed The Pacific Ocean Has Not, For Obvious Reasons, Been So Minutely Explored As The Atlantic, And Was Formerly Supposed To Be, On The Whole, Inferior In Depth To The Latter Ocean. The Recent Observations Of The Challenger, Gazelle, And Tuscarora, ...
The Pacific Ocean Its_6
The Pacific Ocean Its Navigation And Commerce The Fine Weather That Favoured Magellan In His Voyage Across The Pacific, And Induced Him To Designate The Newly Discovered Sea " Ocean° Pacifico," Is Not By Any Means Cha Racteristic Of This Ocean. Frequently Terrific Storms Sweep Over Its Broad Expanse, And ...
The Pacific Ocean Its_p1
The Pacific Ocean Its Currents Owing To Its Immense Area, And The Frequent Interven Tion Of Islands And Reefs, The Currents Of The Pacific Are More Complicated Than Those Of The Atlantic, And Are Not So Well Known, The Main Streams Only Having Been Satisfactorily Investigated. Being Almost Land-locked On ...
The Pacific Ocean Its_p2
Mr.j. J. Wild, Member Of The Civilian Scientific Staff Of H.m.s. Challenger, Thus Eloquently Contrasts The Gulf Stream Of The Atlantic And The Japan Current Of The Pacific :—" No Twe Natural Phenomena Could Present A More Complete Parallelism Than That Which Can Be Traced Between The Origin, Progress, And ...
The River System Of
The River System Of The Indian Ocean Bounded As The Indian Ocean Is On Three Sides By Africa, Asia, And Australia, Its River-system Is Naturally Divisible Into Three Sections—the African, Asiatic, And Aus Tralian. Of The African Section It Will Suffice To Remark That The Central Equatorial Regions Are Drained ...
The Salts Of The
The Salts Of The Sea Whence Derived And How Their Uniform Proportion Is Maintained Generally Speaking, The Waters Of The Ocean May Be Said To Be Universally Uniform As Regards The Proportions Of Saline Matters Held In Solution, And We Have No Proof That This Remarkable And Universal Uniformity Of ...
The Sea As A
The Sea As A Reproductive And Preservative Agent Besides Being An Agent Of Destruction, The Sea Is Also An Agent Of Reproduction—directly Engaged In Forming New Land, Which May In Time Be Reclaimed And Cultivated. The Material Removed From One Part Is Sometimes Partly Thrown Ashore Again On The Adjacent ...
The Sea As An
The Sea As An Agent Of Destruction Just As The Wavelets In Our Miniature Sea "wasted" The Beach Here, And Added To It There ; Undermined A Cliff At One Point, And Formed An Island At Another ; So Also The Waves Of The Ocean Incessantly Dash On The Exposed ...
Tidal Wave Formation Direction
Tidal Wave Formation Direction And Velocity If The Earth Were Uniformly Covered With Water, The Tidal-wave Would Flow Regularly Every Lunar Day From East To West—highest Directly Under The Moon, And Lowest On Either Side. But The Continuity Of The Ocean Is Broken By The Intervention Of The Land Masses, ...
Tides Lunar And Solar_p1
Tides Lunar And Solar The Origin Of The Grand Regular Movement Of The Waters Of The Ocean, Called The Tide, May Perhaps Be More Clearly Explained By Supposing The Earth To Be Entirely Covered With Uni Formly-deep Water, And Then Observing The Effects Of The Attrac Tion Of The Moon ...
Tides Lunar And Solar_p2
But The Earth Is Attracted By The Sun As Well As The Moon; And, As Regards Absolute Amount, The Solar Attraction Is Much Greater Than The Lunar. That Is, The Earth As A Whole Is Far More Strongly Attracted By The Sun Than The Moon ; And If The Tides ...
Vertical Distribution Of Marine
Vertical Distribution Of Marine Animal Life The Vertical Distribution Of Marine Animal Life Is Simi Larly Shown By A Broad Division Into Kahrizetrical Zones Of Various Depths. The Mussel, Cockle, Periwinkle, &c., Are Found Within The Limit Of High And Low-water ; The Star-fish, Sea Urchin, And Other Forms, Abound ...
Waves Nature Of Motion
Waves Nature Of Motion Of The Ocean It Must Be Distinctly Borne In Mind That The Motion Imparted To The Water By The Impact Of The Wind At Various Angles Is Not Progressive, Although Apparently So. The Form Of The Wave Moves, But Not The Water, That Is, The Same ...