LIMICOLIE.
Includes Plovers, Sandpipers, Snipes, and Waders generally.
C;DICNEMIDIE.
Toes united by membrane at base ; no hind toe ; eyes very large ; tarsus long, covered with hexagonal scales.
. CEDICNEMUS.
Bill shorter than head ; wing long and pointed, inner secondaries almost as long as primaries ; sexes alike ; resemble Bustards somewhat, but habits more nocturnal and more partial to barren districts, squat when alarmed ; eggs laid in depression, stone buff, spotted and blotched with dark brown.
CEdicnemus eedicnemus cedicnemus (L.). STONE CURLEW. Fr. Grand Pluvier ; Ger. Triel ; /Ea/. Occhione ; Swed. Tjockfot.
j 9 adult. Above grey brown, with dark shaft streaks and rufescent margins ; wing coverts with ill-defined bands of black and white ; outer primaries with a white patch on both webs ; throat and stripe below eye white, separated by brown rictal stripe ; beneath buffy white with narrow shaft streaks on foreneck, breast, and flanks, under tail coverts reddish buff. Bill black, basal part yellowish. Legs and feet yellow. Iris yellow. Wing 240-255. Tarsus 7o-S2 (IL). Bill 39. Young : more rufous, especially on lesser wing coverts.
Pre (north to Yorkshire) ; Continental Europe south of Baltic, and in Russia south of 5o N. ; Sardinia, Corsica,
Crete ; also S.W. Asia. Partly migratory ; occurs N. Africa on passage and in winter and at that season also in E. Africa and Arabia. Occasional in Madeira, Canaries, and Azores.
CE. cedienemus distinctus Bannerman. Smaller ; darker above with broader streaks ; lighter beneath. Wing 225.244 (H.).
Canaria, Tenerife, Hierro, Palma, and Gomera (Canary Islands).
cs. cedienemus insularum Sassi. More reddish sandy brown than " cedicnemus," paler beneath with more distinct striping. Wing 220-230 (H.).
Lanzarote, Graciosa, Allegranza (E. Canaries).
cE. cedienemus saharw Reichenow. More sandy on upper parts, shaft streaks narrower. Wing 233-245 (H.) Africa (north and south of Atlas) to Egypt ; and east to 'Mesopotamia.
CEdienernus senegalensis Swainson.
Resembles "(E. coiicnemus" but wing coverts grey with black shaft streaks, and no white bar across the lesser wing coverts ; the greater wing coverts have a black subterminal bar and white tips. Wing 214-23o (H.).
and E, Africa, extending north through Nile Valley to Lower Egypt.