Fringilla
Fringilla. Bill Straight And Pointed; Tail Forked ; Cup Nest In Trees Or Bushes ; Eggs Bluish Or Brownish Ground Colour, Dark Spotted. Fringilla Ccelebs Ccelebs L. Chaffinch. Fr. Pinson ; Ger. Buchfink ; Ital. Fringuello ; Swed. Bofink. Crown And Hind Neck Slaty Blue, Back Chestnut Brown, Rump And ...
Fringillidie
Fringillidie. Bill Cone-shaped; Wing, 9 Visible Primaries (true 1st Being Very Tiny And Invisible); Tail I2 Feathers; One Moult In Autumn, The Differing Spring Plumage Being Due To Wearing Off Of Feather Edges ; Contains Finches, Sparrows, Siskins, Etc.; Granivorous But Also Insectivorous, Especially When Feeding Young; Nest In Trees, ...
Fulica
Fulica. Toes Lobed; Middle Toe And Claw Longer Than Tarsus; Frontal Shield Present; Nest Bulky, Floating Among Reeds; Eggs Yellowish Grey, Spotted And Marked Brown. Fulica Atra Atra L. Coot. Fr. Foulque ; Ger. Blasshuhn ; Pa/. Folaga ; Seed. Sothona. 4 9 General Colour Slaty Black, Lighter Beneath ; ...
Fulmarus
Fulmarus. Tail 14 Feathers; Bill Strong, Broad; Nasal Tube High More Than !, Length Of Bill; At Base Of Bill Below, A Triangular Naked Patch. Fulmarus Glacialis Glacialis (l.). Fulmar. Ger. Eissturmvogel ; Swed. Stormfagel. J 9 Appearance Gull-like. Above Bluish Grey, Head, Neck, And Underparts White. Bill At Base ...
Galerida
Galerida. Crested Larks : Feathers Of Crown Long And Pointed. Galerida Cristata Cristata (l.). Crested Lark. Fr. Cochevis ; Ger. Haubenlerche ; Ital. Capillaccia. 9 Adult. Above Greyish Brown, Centre Of Feathers Dark ; Beneath Bully White Or Reddish Buff With Dark Streaks Or Spots On Foreneck And Breast ; ...
Galli
Galli. Game Birds. Four-toed, Hind Toe Higher Than Fore Toes ; Young Leave Nest When Hatched; Flight Feathers Develop Early. ...
Gallinago
Gallinago. Differs From "scolopax" In Eye Being Less Displaced Back Wards, Ear Opening Below Middle Of Orbit; Legs Feathered To Lower Part Of Tibia; Frequent Damp Districts; Largely Nocturnal Feeders; Eggs In A Depression In Ground, Pyriform, Greenish Buff, Spotted And Blotched With Dull Purplish Grey And Dark Umber Brown. ...
Gallinula
Gallinula. Frontal Plate Well Developed; Flares In A Groove; Toes Lung, Middle Toe Longer Than Tarsus ; Less Shy Than True Rails, Swim Easily, Often Perch ; Nest Bulky, Of Flags And Leaves On Or Near Bank, Often Among Reeds; Eggs Clay Yellow, Marked And Blotched With Violet Grey And ...
Garrulus
Garrulus. Crow-like; Crested, With A Chequered Blue And Black Patch On Wings ; Food, Insects, Fruit, Eggs, Small Mammals And Birds; Nest, Cup In Tree Or Bush ; Eggs Greenish White With Brown Spots And A Few Black Hair Lines. Garrulus Glandarius Glandarius (l.) Jay. Fr. Gcai ; Ger. Eichelhaher ...
Glareola
Glareola. Bill Short, Bent Above; Hind Toe Present, Middle Claw Pectinated ; Tail Forked; Flight Swallow-like ; Inhabit Sandy Wastes, But Also Marshes And Inland Waters; Gregarious ; Run Well; Food, Insects, Often Caught On Wing ; Eggs Laid On Ground, Ochreous To Pale Slate, Spotted And Blotched With Greyish ...
Glaucidium
Glaucidium. Small; Wing Less Than To M.m. ; 1st Primary Very Short ; No Car Tufts; Not Strictly Nocturnal; Feed On Lemmings, Mice, Small Birds, And Insects. Glaucidium Passerinum Passerinum (l.). Pigatv ...
Golymbus
Golymbus. Characters As Above. Iris Light Chestnut. Bill Bluish Black. Outer Side Of Legs And Outer Toe Blackish, Inner Side Of Legs And Inner Toes Reddish Flesh, Webs Whitish. Wing 330-342, ? 305-320 (zedlitz). Tarsus 73-83. Bill 55-67. Breeds.—norway To Finmark, Sweden, Lapland, N. Finland, Nova Zembla, Waigatz, Kolguev, Russia ...
Gruidze
Gruidze. Tail Feathers R2; Hind Toe Present, Higher Than The Others ; Bill As Long As Or Longer Than Head. ...
Gypaetus
Gypaetus. Head Feathered; Nostrils And Cere Concealed By Bristles; Tuft Of Bristles On Chin ; Carrion-eaters Of Solitary Habits, Inhabiting Mountain Districts; Nest In Cliffs; Eggs Yellowish Orange, Sometimes Blotched With Reddish Brown. Gypaetus Barbatus Barbatus (l.). Bearded Vulture. Ger. Lammergeier. Above Black, Greyish On Quills ; Crown And Neck ...
Gyps
Gyps. Head Bare Or Covered With Down; Nostrils Exposed, Oval And Perpendicular; Wings Long And Rounded, Tail Rounded, 14 Feathers; Food, Carrion ; Soar At Great Altitudes; Nest Usually In Communities In Cliffs; Egg One, White, Rarely Marked Red. Gyps Fulvus Fulvus (hablizi). Griffon Vulture. Fr. Vautour Griffon ; Ger. ...
Halcyones
Halcyones. Plumage Glossy And Close Lying ; Primaries Is, 1st Small ; Tail Feathers Usually 12; Tarsus Short ; Feet Anisodactyl, 3 Toes In Front And I Behind, 3rd And 4th United For Greater Part Of Their Length, Znd And 3rd At Basal Joint Only ; Head Large, Bill Long ...
Haliaetus
Haliaetus. Ileak Very Long, Strong, Flares Oval ; Upper Mandible At First Straight Then Strongly Curved Near Tip ; Lower Part Of Tarsus Bare ; Claws Very Powerful And Much Curved ; Food, Fish, Waterfowl, Mammals, Carrion, Etc.; Nest In Rocks Or Trees ; 2 Eggs, White, Occasionally Marked Pale ...
Herbivocula
Herbivocula. Tail Slightly Rounded; Bill Broader Than In " Phylloscopus." Herbivocula Schwarzi (radde). J 9 Closely Resembles "p. Fuscatus" ; Above Olive Brown, Reddish On Rump And Upper Tail Coverts, Supercilium Buff ; Beneath Yellowish White, Darker On Flanks ; Outer Tail Feathers 3.5 Man. Shorter Than Central. 1st Primary ...
Hieiviatopus
Hieiviatopus. Bill Longer Than Head, Flattened Sideways, Bent Slightly Up ; No Hind Toe; Toes United By Membrane At Base; Frequent Sea-coasts And Sometimes Inland Waters; Eggs In A Depression On Rock, Pebbles, Or Sand, Usually 3, Stone Buff With Purple Shell Spots And Blackish Brown Spots And Blotches. Hrematopus ...
Hieraetus
Hieraetus. Nostrils Long And Oval ; Legs Very Long; Tarsi Feathered To Toes Which Are Large And Stout ; Claws Very Large, Strong, And Curved; Of Powerful Flight, Hunting Like Falcons And Hawks; Nest In Cliffs Or Trees; Eggs Two, Bluish White, Slightly Marked Rufous. Hieraetus Fasciatus Fasciatus (vieillot). Bonelli's ...
Himantopus
Himantopus. Bill Straight ; Legs Very Long; Outer And Middle Toes United At Base By Membrane, Inner And Middle Very Slightly; No Hind Toe; Gregarious; 4 Eggs, In Depression On Dry Mud Or On Herbage In Swamps, Are Like Avocets'. Himantopus Himantopus Hhnantopus (l.). Black Winged Stilt. Fr. Echasse Blanche ...
Hirundo
Hirundo. Feet Not Feathered ; Outer Tail Feather Much Lengthened ; Nest Of Mud ; Eggs White, Red Spotted Or Pure White. Hirundo Rustica Rustica L. Swallow. Fr. Hirondelle ; Ger. Schwalbe ; Ital. Rondine ; Swed. Ladusvala. D 9 Above Steel Blue ; Beneath Bully White To Reddish Cream ...
Histrionicus
Histrionicus. Bill Much Shorter Than Head Or Tarsus, Narrow, Tapering To Tip; Nail Occupying Tip And Extending Far Back, Border Ill-defined ; Tail 14 Feathers, Graduated And Pointed. Histrionicus Histrionicus Histrionicus (l.). Harle Quin Duck. Fr. Canard Histrion ; Ger. Kragenente ; Ital. Moretta Arlecchino ; Swear. Stromand. 6 Slaty ...
Hoplopterus
Hoplopterus. Bill Thin ; At Bend Of Wing A Pointed Curved Spur ; No Hind Toe ; Slight Crest On Head. Legs And Feet Black. 190-202. Tarsus 65-66. Bill 23-25. Breeds.—nile Valley, North To Alexandria ; Possibly Crete ; Across Africa, South Of Sahara ; Also In Syria And Cyprus. ...
Hydrochelidon
Hydrochelidon. Marsh Terns; Tail Less Deeply Forked Than In "sterna," And Toes Longer And Only Half Webbed; Affect Inland Marshes More Than Coast; Nest In Marshes On Ground Or On Floating Herbage; Eggs 3, Ochreous Clay Or Olivaceous, Closely Blotched And Spotted With Purplish Grey And Blackish Brown. Hydrochelidon Nigra ...
Hypolais
Hypolais. Intermediate Between Willow And Reed Warblers; Tail Square Or Slightly Rounded ; Under Tail Coverts Short ; Bill Broad ; Frequent Wooded Country, Gardens, Etc. ; Insectivorous ; Good Songsters; Nest A Cup In Fork Of Bush Or Tree ; Eggs Salmon Or Lilac Spotted With Purplish Black. Hypolais ...
Ixobrychus
Ixobrychus. Bill Much Pointed, Serrated Near Tip And Nearly Straight; Tail Lo Feathers; No Ornamental Plumes. Ixobrychus Minutus Sninutus (l.). Little Bittern. Fr. Heron Blongios ; Ger. Zwergrohrdommel ; Md. Tarabusino. 6 Creamy Buff ; Crown, Nape, Back, Quills, And Tail Black ; Wing Coverts White More Or Less Washed ...
Jynx
Jynx. Bill And Tongue Much As In Woodpeckers, But Tail Soft Not Used As A Support In Climbing ; Nest In Holes In Decayed Trees ; Eggs White. Jynx Torquilla Torquilla (l.). Iatrvnecic. Fr. Torcol ; Ger. Wendehals ; Sweet. Goktika. Y Above Grey Brown, Vermiculated, Striped And Spotted With ...
Lagopus
Lagopus. Tarsus And Toes Feathered To Claws ; No Spur On Tarsus ; Frequent Treeless Country, Mountains, And Moors ; Feed On Seeds, Berries And Young Shoots ; Nest A Depression ; Eggs Numerous, Pale Olivaceous, Richly Spotted And Blotched Dark Brown. Lagopus Lagopus Lagopus (l.). Willow Grouse. Ger. Weidenschneehuhn ...
Lanius
Lanius. Plumage Of Young Above And Below With Wavy Lines; These Persist In Many Of Females ; Perch In Exposed Positions ; Have The Habit Of Impaling Prey On Thorns ; Cup Nest In Bushes, Etc. ; Eggs White, Varying To Buff Or Pale Green, Spotted With Brown Of Various ...
Lards
Lards. Bill Strong, Compressed Sideways, Upper Mandible Hooked At Tip And Reaching Beyond Lower; Nostrils Longitudinal; Tail Square ; Hind Toe And Claw Well Marked ; Sexes Alike, Young Different From Adults ; Nest Usually Bulky, On Cliffs Or On Ground; Eggs 2-4, Variable, Some Dull White In Ground Colour, ...
Lari
Lari. Gulls, Terns, Skuas, And Scissor-bills. Nostrils Slit-like ; Bill Strong And Horny ; Oil Gland Feathered ; 10 Visible Primaries ; 12 Tail Feathers ; Fore Toes Webbed ; Young Covered With Down When Hatched. ...
Limicola
Limicola. Bill Long, Flat, And Wide : Hind Toe Small : Small Waders, Inhabit Inland Lakes And Marshes Rather Than Sea-coast. Limicola Falcinellus Falcinellus "pontoppidan). Broad Billed Sandpiper. Shed. Myrsnappa. Summer. Above Black, With Narrow Chestnut Or Buff Margins ; Beneath White, Spotted Brown On Chin. Throat, Foreneck, And Chest ...
Limicolie
Limicolie. Includes Plovers, Sandpipers, Snipes, And Waders Generally. C;dicnemidie. Toes United By Membrane At Base ; No Hind Toe ; Eyes Very Large ; Tarsus Long, Covered With Hexagonal Scales. . Cedicnemus. Bill Shorter Than Head ; Wing Long And Pointed, Inner Secondaries Almost As Long As Primaries ; Sexes ...
Limnocryptes
Limnocryptes. Like "gallinago"; Shorter Secondaries Pointed; Syrinx Highly Specialised (pycraft). Limnocryptes Gallinula (l.). Jack Snipe. Fr. Bec Casine Sourde ; Ger. Kleine Bekassine ; /fid. Frullino ; Swed. Halfenkel-beckasin. Smaller Than "gallinago," Distinguished By Purple And Green Gloss On Upper Parts ; Tail 1a Feathers ; Centre Of Crown Blackish ...
Limosa
Limosa. Bill Long, Slightly Recurved Towards Tip; Toes Webbed At Base ; Frequent Coasts Or Inland Marshes ; Gregarious ; Eggs 4, Pyriform, In Depression, Dull Greenish Indistinctly Blotched With Brown And Olivaceous. Limosa, Lapponica. Lapponica (l.). Bar-tailed Godwit. Fr. Barge Rousse ; Ger. Rostrote Uferschnepfe ; Ita7. Pittima Minore ...
Locustella
Locustella. Small Reddish Brown Warblers. 1st Primary Shorter Than Coverts; No Rictal Bristles; Tail Rounded, Under Tail Coverts Long, Reaching Over Tips Of Lateral Rectrices; Frequent Marshy And Reedy But Also Drier Places; Nest A Cup Near Ground In Herbage Or Brushwood; Eggs White, Pinkish When Fresh, Finely Dotted Or ...
Loxia
Loxia. Bill Compressed Sideways, And Mandibles Cross, Lower Usually To Left Of Upper ; Haunt Pine Forests, And Nest High In Conifers ; Eggs Pale Bluisl} White, Marked Chiefly At Larger End With Purple Spots And Dashes. Loxia Curvirostra Curvirostra L. Crossbill. Fr. Bec-crois ; Ger. Kreuzschnabel ; 1/al. Crocicre ...
Lullula
Lullula. Tail Very Short ; Ist Primary Distinctly Visible, About Is M.m. Long ; Sexes Alike; Head Slightly Crested. Lullula Arborea Arborea (l.). \tood-lark. Fr. Alouette Lulu ; Ger. Heidelerche ; Ital. Tottavilla ; Swed. Tradlarka. ? Adult. Above Reddish Olive Brown With Black Streaks And A White Stripe Behind ...
Luscinia
Luscinia. 'fail Slightly Rounded, Tarsus Long. Frequent Woods Or Near Woods; Nest Near Or On Ground; Eggs Greenish Or Bluish Brown, Faintly Spotted. Luscinia Megarhyncha Megarhyncha Brehm. Nightingale. Fr. Rossignol ; Ger. Nachtigall ; //a/. Russig Nuolo. ? Above Olive Brown, Reddish On Upper Tail Coverts And Tail ; Beneath ...
Lusciniola
Lusciniola. Graduated Tail Of 12 Feathers; Under Tail Coverts Long ; Bill Fine, Rictal Bristles Short And Weak; 1st Primary Longer Than Coverts; Frequent Reed-beds, Very Shy; Nest In Reed Clump Or Small Bush Over Water; Eggs Like Sedge Warblers' But Paler And More Greenish Grey. Lusciniola Melanopogon Melanopogon (temminck). ...
Macrorhamphus
Macrorhamphus. Bill Like A Snipe's ; Ear Opening As In Snipe, Almost Under Eye ; Tarsus Shorter Than Bill; Hind Toe Present ; Web Between Bases Of Middle And Outer Toes Well Marked, Very Small Between Middle And Inner Toes. Macrorhamphus Griseus Griseus (gmelin). Red Breasted Snipe. O 9 Summer. ...
Megalornis
Megalornis. Head In Old Birds Partly Or Entirely Without Feathers ; Tall, Long-legged Birds With Outward Resemblance To Storks ; Frequent Open Plains And Marshes ; Wings Very Long, Especially Secondaries ; Feed On Vegetable Substances, Insects, Reptiles, Etc. ; Nest On Ground In Marshes ; Eggs 2, Olive Grey ...
Melanocorypha
Melanocorypha. Bill Strong, High, Compressed Sideways ; Hind Claw As Long As Hind Toe, And Straight. Melanocorypha Calandra Calandra (l.). Calandra Lark. Fr. Calandre ; Ger. Kalanderlerche ; Ital. Calandra. ? Above Grey Brown With Dark Centres, Secondaries Tipped White ; Beneath White ; Large Black Patch On Either Side ...
Mergus
Mergus Bill Long, Narrow, With Saw-like Sharp Teeth In Both Mandibles ; Frequent Shores And Inland Waters ; Nest In Hollow Trees Or On Ground Under Rocks ; Eggs Pale Cream Or Greenish Grey ; Feed On Fish Caught By Diving. Mergus Merganser Merganser L. Goosander. Fr. Grand Harle ; ...
Meropes
Meropes. Feet Syndactylous, 3rd And 4th Toes United To Last Joint, 2nd And 3rd On Basal Joint ; Primaries 11, 1st Very Short ; Rictal Bristles Very Small ; Bill Long, Slightly Curved ; Nest In Tunnels In Ground ; Eggs White. ...
Merops
Merops. Tail Slightly Rounded, Middle Tail Feathers Prolonged Beyond Others. Merops Apiaster L. Bee-eater. Fr. Guepier Vulgaire ; Ger. Bienenfresser ; Ital. Gruccione. 8' 9 Forehead White, Crown, Hind Neck And Upper Back Chestnut ; Lower Back And Scapulars Brownish Yellow, Primaries Blue ; Wing Coverts And Secondaries (latter Black ...
Micropits
Micropits. Toes 4, All Pointing Forwards For Clinging; Constantly Hawking Insects By Day; Nest In Holes And Crevices In Cliffs, Caverns, And Walls; Eggs White. Micropus Melba Melba (l.). Alpine Swift. Fr. Martinet H Ventre Blanc ; Ger. Alpensegler ; /fa/. Rondone Di Mare. D Y Above Brown ; Beneath ...
Monticola
Monticola. Chat-like Thrushes Of Solitary Habits, Frequenting Rocky Places Or Ruins; Cup Nest In Clefts And Holes In Rocks Or Stone Walls; Eggs Greenish Blue, Uniform Or Faintly Spotted Red. Monticola Saxatilis (l.). Rock Thrush. Fr. Merle De Roche ; Ger. Steindrossel ; Ital. Codirossone. Summer. Head And Neck Blue, ...
Montifringilla
Montifringilla. Like "fringilla" But With A Longer Wing; Mountain Birds ; Nest In Rocks Or Buildings; Eggs White. Montifringilla Nivalis Nivalis (l.). Fr. L'inson Des Neiges ; Ger. Schneefink ; Ital. Fringuello Alpino. Crown And Nape Ashy, Mantle Brown, Wing Coverts And Secondaries White ; Beneath Huffy White, Centre Of ...
Motacilla
Motacilla. Tail Long; Wings Long And Pointed, Inner Secondaries About As Long As Primaries ; Frequenting Open Country, Generally Near Water ; Food, Insects, Crustacca, And Niollusca; Nest On Ground, Holes In Rocks, Walls, Etc.; Eggs Generally Greyish Or Bully White, Freckled Or Clouded With Greyish Or Yellowish Brown. Motacilla ...
Motacillidje
Motacillidje. Sides Of Tarsus Covered By Unbroken Sheath ; 9 Visible Primaries; Inner Secondaries Lengthened, Sometimes As Long As Primaries; Bill Thin. ...
Muscicapa
Muscicapa. Bill Wide At Base; Rictal Bristles Conspicuous; Legs Short And Feet Weak; Nest Open On Wall Or Tree Trunk, Or In A Hole; Eggs Pale Bluish Green Unspotted Or Clouded Or Blotched With Reddish Brown. Muscicapa Grisola Grisola L. Spotted Flycatcher. Fr. Gobe-mouche Gris ; Ger. Fliegenschnapper ; 1 ...
Muscicapidie
Muscicapidie. Includes Flycatchers, Warblers, Thrushes, Chats, And Robins. Wing Of Ro Primaries, Rst Small; Bill Variable, Rictal Bristles Generally Present. ...
Nav
Nav. Africa, And Egypt On Passage ; Winters In S. Arabia And C. And S. Africa. "c. C. Kleinschtnidti" Schiebel Has Been Described From Corsica As Being Darker Grey Above, But Does Not Appear Separable. C. Canorus Bangs! Obcrholscr (" C. Minor" Of Authors). Smaller Than "canorus." Wing 9 190-217. ...
Neck Ed Grebe
Neck Ed Grebe. Fr. Gri.be Jou-gris ; Ger. Rothalsiger Steissfuss ; All. Svasso Dal Collo Rosso ; Swett: C;rastrupig Dopping. ? Summer. Crown And Hind Neck Black, On Each Side Of Occiput A Short Tuft ; Upper Parts Black With Brown Edges ; Foreneck And Chest Chestnut ; Secondaries White ...
Neophron
Neophron. Bill Long And Slender ; Forecrown, Sides Of Head And Throat Hare ; Tail Wedge-shaped, 14 Feathers; Valuable Scavenger About Towns And Villages; Eggs White Or Ochreous, Richly Blotched With Dark Red. Neophron Percnopterus Percnopterus (l.). Egyptian ...
Netta
Netta. Hind Toe Lobed, As In All Diving Ducks; Bill Narrower In Front Than Behind, Edge Of Feathering On Sides Of Bill Forming Almost A Straight Line; Tail 16 Feathers. Netta Rufina (pallas). Red-crested Poc Hard. Ger. Kolbenente ; /ea/. Fistimie Turco. 6 Crown (crested) And Nape Yellowish Cinnamon, Lower ...
Nucifraga
Nucifraga. Resemble Jays In Habits ; Food, Nuts, Cone-seeds, Insects, Berries ; Nest, Cup In Trees, Generally Conifers ; Eggs Greenish White, Finely Marked With Pale Liver Brown. Nucifraga Caryocatactes Caryocatactes (l.). Nut Cracker. Fr. Chasse Noix ; Ger. Tannenhaher ; Idad. Nocciolaja ; Swed. N Otkraka. 9 Colour Dark ...
Numenius
Numenius. Bill Very Long And Much Decurved; Legs Long, Slender, Toes Webbed At Base; Frequent Moors And Uplands In Breeding Season, Chiefly Coasts In Winter ; Nest In Depression In Ground, Eggs 4, Pyriform, Pale Or Dull Olivaceous Grey Spotted And Blotched With Dark Or Light Purplish Brown. Numenius Arquatus ...
Numida
Numida. Guinea-fowl. Head And Neck Bare ; On The Crown A Blunt Helmet, And At Each Angle Of Bill A Wattle ; Tail Of 16 Feathers; Tail Coverts Nearly As Long As The Tail; No Spur On Tarsus; Sexes Alike ; Young Different From Adults. Numida Sabyi Hartert. Black With ...
Nyctea
Nyctea. Large Size; Uniform White Or Barred With Dark Brown; No Ear Tufts ; Tarsi And Toes Feathered ; Frequent Open Country ; Diurnal As Well As Nocturnal; Nest On Ground Or On A Rock. Nyctea Nyctea (l.). Snowy Ow". Ger. Schneecule ; .saved. Ilarfang. A Pure White, Rarely Without ...
Nyoticorax
Nyoticorax. Bill Shorter Than Head, Strong And Broad ; Neck Short And Thick ; On Nape Several Long White Tape-like Feathers. Nycticorax Nycticorax Nycticorax (l.). Night Heron. Fr. Heron Bihoreau ; Ger. Nachtreiher ; Ha/. Nitticora. D ? Crown, Nape, Scapulars, And Back Dark Green ; Foreneck, Nuchal Feathers, Eyebrow, ...
Nyroca
Nyroca. Hind Toe Lobed; Tail 14. Feathers; Bill Behind Tip As Wide As At Base; Feather Edge At Base Of Bill Forms A Convex Line. Nyroca Ferina Ferina (l.). Pochard. Fr. Milouin ; Ger. Tafelente ; Moriglione ; S.ze./ed. Brunand. ,s Above Grey And Brown Vermiculated ; Head And Neck ...
Oceanites
Oceanites. Tarsus Longer Than In "thalassidroma "; 1st Phalanx Of Middle Toe As Long As Next Two Combined. Oceanites Oceanicus (kuhl). Wilson's Petrel. ? Resemble "t. Pelagica" But Larger, And Upper Tail Coverts Uniform White. Bill, Legs And Feet Black ; Basal Two Thirds Of Web Between Toes Yellow. Wing ...
Oceanodroma
Oceanodroma. Tarsus Less Than Middle Toe With Claw ; Tail Forked. Oceanodroma Leucorrhoa Leucorrhoa (vieillot). Leach's Fork-tailed Petrel. ? Sooty Brown, Tinged Above With Slate, Lateral Upper Tail Coverts White, Some With Grey Tips. Bill, Legs And Feet Black. Wing 153-161. Tarsus 24-26. Bill 14-15. Breeds.—iceland (westmann Islands), Hebrides And ...
Oidemia
Oidemia. Bill Broad, Swollen At Base In Adult D And Flattening Gradually Towards Point. Eggs Brownish. Oidemia Nigra Nigra (l.). Common Scoter. Fr. Macreuse ; Ger. Trauerente ; Ital. Orchetto Marino ; Swett. Sjoorre. 6 Black ; Tail 16 Feathers ; Ist Primary Very Short, About Half Length Of Coverts, ...
Oriolidie
Oriolidie. 1st Primary Well Developed ; Beautifully Coloured Birds ; Frequent Gardens And Woods ; Food, Insects, Caterpillars, Fruit ; Nest, A Cup In Trees Suspended Below A Fork; Eggs White, Faint Pink When Fresh, Spotted Purplish Black. ...
Oriolus
Oriolus. 1st Primary About Half The Length Of 2nd ; Lores Feathered. Oriolus Oriolus Oriolus (l.). Golden Oriole. Fr. Loriot ; Ger. Tirol ; //a/. Rigogolo ; Swed. Sommargylling. J Adult. Yellow ; Lores, Wings, And Tail Black. Bill Dull Red. Iris Red. Legs And Feet Bluish Grey. Wing J ...
Otocorys
Otocorys. In Adult A Tuft Of Elongated Feathers (horns) On Each Side Of Crown. Otocorys Alpestris Flava (gmelin). Shore Lark. Fr. Alouette De La Sib6rie ; Ger. Ohrenlerche ; Liii. Lodola Gala Gialla ; Swat. Berglarka. E Adult. Above Brown, Vinous Or Rosy On Occiput, Hind Neck, And Upper Tail ...
Otogyps
Otogyps. Nostrils Oval, Perpendicular; Head And Neck With Little Down. Otogyps Auricularis (daudin). J 9 General Colour Brown ; Head And Neck Nearly Naked, Bluish Grey To Dull Reddish Violet ; On The Chin Some Long Black Hairs ; Beneath Feathers Of Underparts Is A Thick White Down, Becoming Brown ...
Otus
Otus. Of Small Size; Wing Under Zoo M.m.; Ear Tufts Distinct ; Partly Diurnal; Nest Generally In Holes In Trees. Otus Scops Scops (l.). Scots Owl. Fr. Petit Duc ; Ger. Zwergohreule ; Assiolo. ? Grey Brown, Finely Vermiculated With Dark Brown Mixed With Rufous And With Dark Brown Shaft ...
Owl
Owl. Fr. Chevcchette ; Ger. Sperlingskauz ; Civetta Minore ; Swed. Sparfuggla. D 9 Above Brown, With Small Dull Buff Spots ; Tail Barred White ; Beneath White With Brown Striations. Bill Yellow. Tarsi And Toes Feathered, Claws Dark Brown. Iris Yellow. Wing 98-1o7. Tarsus 16-18. Culmen 15-16 (ii.). Resident.—continental ...
Oxyura
Oxyura. Tarsus Short, Feet Large ; Tail Feathers Is, Stiff And Pointed : Bill Swollen At Base, Concave Above In Middle ; Frequent Inland Waters; Eggs Rough Shelled. Oxyura Leucocephala (scopoli). Eaded Duck. Ger. Ruderente ; Ital. Gobbo Rugginoso. 8 Above Huffy Brown, Freckled Rufous ; Upper Tail Coverts Chestnut ...
Pagophila
Pagophila. Legs Feathered To Heel-joint ; Tarsus Shorter Than Middle Toe And Claw. Pagophila Eburnea (phipps). Ivory Gull. ? Winter And Summer. Pure White. Bill Slaty Blue, Tip Yellow. Legs And Feet Black. Eye-rim Orange Red, Iris Brown. Wing 335-365. Tarsus 39-42. Bill 32-36. Immature: Greyish On Face And Throat ...
Pandion
Pandion. Tarsus Short And Bare ; Outer Toe Reversible ; Soles Of Feet Rough ; Bill Short ; Nostrils Oval ; Nuchal Feathers Elongated ; Food Chiefly Fish ; Nest On Trees Or Rocks. Pandion Haliaetus Haliaetus (i..). Osprey. Fr. Bab Busard ; Ger. Fischadler ; Lied. Falco Pescatore ; ...
Panurus
Panurus. Nostrils Covered With Operculum ; Bill Pointed; Culmen Curved ; Tail Long, Graduated; Inhabit Reedy Localities; Nest Deep Cup Low Down Among Aquatic Plants; Eggs White, Sparsely Covered With Reddish Brown Scratches. Panurus Biarmicus Biarmicus (l.). Bearded Tit. Fr. Mesange Barbue ; Ger. L3artmeise ; Mil. Basettino. Adult. Fawn ...
Parus
Parus. Bill Short, Strong, Conical ; Nares Covered With Feathers; Of Restless Habits, Searching Branches, Leaves, Bark, Etc., And In All Attitudes; Food, Insects And Seeds, But Some Omnivorous Near Dwellings ; Nest In Holes In Trees, Walls, Etc. ; Eggs White, Spotted With Dark Or Light Reddish Brown. Parus ...
Passer
Passer. Bill Short, Thick, Upper Mandible Curved; Nest In Holes, Or Untidy Ball In Trees ; Eggs White With Brown Spots. Passer Domesticus Domesticus (l.). House-sparrow. Fr. Moineau; Ger. Haussperling ; Ital. Passera Oltrarnontana ; Swel Hussparf. D Crown, Car Coverts, Nape, Rump, And Upper Tail Coverts Ashy Grey With ...
Pastor
Pastor. Crested ; Resembles "sturnus" In Habits And Food; Nests In Colonies In Holes In Walls Or Rocks, In Uncertain Years And Localities; Eggs Pale Bluish White. Young Greyish Brown With Yellowish Or Rufous Margins, Paler Beneath, Head And Foreneck With Dark Streaks. The Fully Adult Plumage Is Not Assumed ...
Pelagodroma
Pelagodroma. Tarsus And Toes Very Long And Tarsus Very Little Longer Than Middle Toe; Tail Forked (10-14 M.m. Deep). Pelagodroma Marina Hypoleuca (webb, Berthelot And Moquin-tandon). Above Greyish Brown, Rump And Upper Tail Coverts Paler ; Forehead, Eyebrow And Underparts White ; Pre-ocular Patch And Car Coverts Blackish Grey, Basal ...
Pelecanus
Pelecanus. Bill Peculiar, Lower Mandible Much Wider Than Upper And With A Large Pouch ; Frequent Lakes, Rivers, Coasts ; Feed On Fish ; Nest On Small Islands Or Platform Of Reeds In Lagoons Or Lakes; Eggs 2-3, Chalky White. Pelecanus Onocrotalus Onocrotalus L. Roseate Pelican. Fr. Pelican Blanc ; ...
Perdix
Perdix. Tail Of 16-18 Feathers ; No Tarsal Spur ; Nest On Ground ; Eggs Olive Brown, Unspotted. Perdix Perdix Perdix (l.). Partridge. Fr. Perdrix ; Ger. Rebhuhn ; /tai. Starna ; Swear. Rapphona. 6 Above Brown, Vermiculated And Barred With Red Brown On Back And Tail Coverts, Scapulars And ...
Perisoreus
Perisoreus. Forests, Especially Pine ; Food, Insects, Berries, Small Mammals, Reptiles, And Young Birds : Nest, Cup In Conifer; Eggs Pale Greenish White Marked With Purplish Grey And Hair Brown. Perisoreus Infaustus Infaustus (l.). Siberian Jay. Ger. Unglucksbaher ; Ssocrz Lafskrika. D 9 Crown And Nape Sooty Brown ; Mantle, ...
Pernis
Pernis. Feathers Of Face And Loxes Close, Stiff, And Scale-like, No Bristles; Bill Rather Feeble; Heavy And Slow Like Buzzards, Feeding On Reptiles And Insects, Especially Large Of Wasps And Bees, Or Even Vegetable Food In Spring And Berries In Autumn ; Nest In Tree; Eggs Roundish, Closely Blotched With ...
Petronia
Petronia. Sparrow-like Finches. Bill Stout And Conical; Frequent Rocky Districts; Food, Seeds, Insects, Fruit; Nest In Holes In Rocks, Walls, Trees; Eggs Resemble Those Of House-sparrow. Petronia Petronia Petronia (l.). Rocs-sparrow. Fr. Moineau Fou ; Ger. Steinsperling ; Ital. L'assera Lagia. D Above Brown, Eyebrow And Centre Of Head Lighter, ...
Phalacrocorax
Phalacrocorax. Bill Straight, Compressed Sideways, Hooked At Point; Tarsus Short, Compressed Sideways, Not Feathered ; Frequent Sea And Inland Waters; _feed On Fish Caught By Diving ; Nest On Rocks Or Trees And Generally In Colonies ; Eggs Bluish White With Chalky Crust. Phalacrocorax Carbo Carbo (l.). Cormorant. Fr. Grand ...
Phalaropus
Phalaropus. Toes Half Webbed, Lobed As In Grebes. Aquatic, Frequent Sea-coasts And Occasionally Inland Waters; Good Swimmers; Nest On Ground; Eggs 4. Larger Than 6 And Latter Incubates. Phalaropus Fulicarius (l.). Grey Phalarope. Fr. Phalarope Gris ; Ger. Plattschnabliger Wassertreter ; Ital. Falaropo Rosso ; Swed. Brednabbad Simsnappa. ? Summer. ...
Phasianus
Phasianus. Tail Long, Of 18 Feathers; Male With Spur On Tarsus And Sides Of Head Naked, Lobed Below Eye In Spring; Nest On Ground; Eggs Numerous, Olive Brown To Brownish Grey. Phasianus Colchicus Colchicus L. Ph Easant. Fr. Faisan ; Ger. Jadg-i'asan ; Fagiano ; Swed. Fasan. Coppery Maroon With ...
Phcenicopteri
Phcenicopteri. Legs Very Long And Slender, Feet Webbed; Bill Abruptly Bent In Middle And Lamellated On Both Mandibles ; Only One Genus " Phcenicopterus " ; Gregarious ; Nest Low Platform Or Mound Of Mud ; Eggs 2, Chalky White. ...
Phcenicurus
Phcenicurus. Allied To Robins And Chats ; Generally With Chestnut Tail, Tail Constantly In Motion; Food, Insects, And Fruit In Autumn ; Nest In Holes Of Trees, Walls, Rocks, Ruins, Or In A Bush Or Hollow In Ground (rnoussieri); Eggs Pale Blue Or White. Phcenicurus Phcenicurus Phcenicurus (l.). Red Start. ...
Phylloscopus
Phylloscopus. Active Little Birds, Mostly Greenish Above ; Habits Much As In Flycatchers ; Insectivorous ; Nest, On Or Near The Ground, Semidomed With Side Entrance; Eggs Pure White Or White With Red Or Purplish Spots Chiefly At Larger End. Phylloscopus Collybita Collybita (vieillot). Ciiiff ...
Pica
Pica. Black-and-white Crow-like Birds With Long, Graduated Tail ; 1st Primary Sickle-shaped ; Food, Worms, Snails, Acorns, Eggs, Small Mammals And Birds, Rarely Carrion ; Nest Large, Domed, In Trees Or Bushes ; Eggs Pale Bluish White Or Yellowish Olive, Spotted Or Blotched With Purplish Grey Or Greenish Brown. Pica ...
Pici
Pici. Bill Straight And Strong ; Feet Strong, 2 Toes In Front And 2 Behind (sometimes 3 Toes, I Behind 2 In Front); Affect Forests Or Open Country With Old Trees; Nest In Holes In Trees ; Eggs White. Characters Those Of The Order. Plumage More Or Less Green ; ...
Picoides
Picoides. Only 3 Toe.s. Colour Black And White ; Yellow On Crown In Male. Picoides Tridactylus Tridactylus (l.). Three-toed \voodpecker. Ger. Dreizehenspecht ; Ssved. Hack Spetten. D Above Black, Feathers Of Crown With White Tips, Centre Of Crown Yellow ; Line Down Back From Nape To Rump Pure White ; ...
Pinicola
Pinicola. Larger Than "carpodacus "; Upper Mandible More Curved; Frequent Pine-woods Chiefly ; Cup Nest In Trees ; Eggs Sky Blue, With Greyish And Black Spots. Pinicola Enucleator Enucleator (l.). Pine Grosbeak. Fr. Dur Bee ; Ger. Hakengimpel ; Swed. Tallbit. Carmine, Bases Of Feathers Grey ; Head, Neck, And ...
Platalea
Platalea. Bill Long, Flat, Expanding Into A Broad Disc Towards Tip. Resemble Storks In Habits ; Feed On Small Fish, Frogs, Crustaceans, Insects; Nest Of Sticks In Marshes On Ground Among Reeds Or On Trees; Eggs 3-4, Dull Chalky White Spotted Pale Red. Platalea Leucorodia Leucorodia L. Spoonbill. Fr. Spatule ...
Plectrophenax
Plectrophenax. Bill As In Other Buntings, But Without Palate Knob ; Hind Claw Curved ; Wings Much Longer ; Nest, Cup In Rocks Or Under Stones Or Logs; Eggs Yellowish To Greenish White With Purple Shell Markings And Red Brown Blotches And Spots, Rarely Streaked. Edges. Winter, Duller Than A, ...
Plegadis
Plegadis. Bill Long, Sickle-shaped; Nostrils Slit-like; Tibia Half Bare. Resemble Curlews In Habits ; Frequent Marshes, Lagoons, Etc.; Nest Of Flags And Aquatic Plants In Marshes In Colonies, On Ground Or On Bushes; Eggs 3, Dark Greenish Blue. Plegadis Falcinellus Falcinellus (l.). Glossy Isis. Fr. Ibis Falcinelle ; Ger. Brauner ...
Pluvianus
Pluvianus. Bill About As Long As Head And Very Slightly Bent ; No Hind Toe; Middle Claw Slightly Broadened ; Inner Secondaries Reaching Nearly To End Of Wing; Eggs Laid On Bare Sand, And Covered With Sand When Bird Is Not Incubating. Pluvianus Wgyptius (l.). Crocodile Plover. ? Above Slate ...