JUJUY, a northern province of the Argentine Republic, bounded north and north-west by Bolivia, north-east, east, south and south-west by Salta, and west by the Los Andes territory. Pop. (1914), 76,631 rose to 103,901 in including many mestizos. Area, 14,802 sq.m., the greater part being mountainous. The province is traversed from north to south by three distinct ranges belonging to the great central Andean plateau : the Sierra de Santa Catalina, the Sierra de Humahuaca, and the Sierras de Zenta and Santa Victoria. In the south-east angle of the province are the low, isolated ranges of Alumbre and Santa Barbara. Be tween the more eastern of these ranges are valleys of surpassing fertility, watered by the Rio Grande de Jujuy, a large tributary of the Bermejo. The western part, however, is a high plateau (parts are 11,500 ft. above sea-level), the general characteristics of which are those of the Puna regions farther west. The surface of this high plateau is broken, semi-arid and desolate, having a very scanty population and no important industry beyond the breeding of a few goats and the fur-bearing chinchilla. There are two large saline lagoons : Toro, or Pozuelos, in the north, and Casa bindo, or Guayatayoc, in the south. The climate is cool, dry and
healthy, with violent tempests in the summer season. (For a vivid description of this interesting region, see F. O'Driscoll, "A Journey to the North of the Argentine Republic," Geogr. Jour. xxiv. 1904.) The agricultural productions of Jujuy include sugar cane, wheat, Indian corn, alfalfa and grapes. The breeding of cattle and mules for the Bolivian and Chilean markets is an old industry. Coffee has been grown in the department of Ledesma, but only to a limited extent. There are also valuable forest areas and undevel oped mineral deposits. Large borax deposits are worked in the northern part of the province. The province is traversed from south to north by the Central Northern railway, a national Gov ernment line, which has been extended to the Bolivian frontier.
The capital, Jujuy (pop. is situated on the Rio Grande at the lower end of the Humahuaca valley, 942 m. from Buenos Aires by rail. It was founded in 1593 and is 4,035 ft. above sea-level. It has a mild, temperate climate and picturesque natural surroundings.