KACHIN HILLS. The Kachins have been the object of many police operations and several regular expeditions :—(i) Ex pedition of 1892. It was essential to pacify the trade routes through the mountains, which lay between the Chinese frontier and the Irrawaddi, inhabited by Kachins. In the winter of 1891-92 two military columns operated in the hills. The larger column, after establishing a post at Sadon, moved north into "the triangle" between the N'Markha and N'Malikha branches of the Irrawaddi. During its absence Sadon was attacked by Chinese and Kachins and besieged for 14 days, but was eventually relieved and the country pacified. (2) Expedition of 1892-93. Bhamo was occupied by the British on Dec. 28, 1885, and almost immedi ately trouble began. Constant punitive measures were carried on by the military police; but in Dec. 1892 a police column proceed ing to establish a post at Sima was heavily attacked, and simul taneously the town of Myitkyina was raided by Kachins. A force
of 1,200 troops was sent to put down the rising. The enemy re ceived their final blow at Palap, but not before three officers were killed, three wounded, and 102 sepoys and followers killed and wounded. (3) Expedition of 1895-96. The continued misconduct of the Sana Kachins from beyond the administrative border ren dered punitive measures necessary. They had remained unpun ished since the attack on Myitkyina in Dec. 1892. Two columns were sent up, one of 25o rifles from Myitkyina, the other of 200 rifles from Mogaung, marching in Dec. 1895. The resistance was insignificant, and the operations were completely successful. A strong force of military police is stationed at Myitkyina, with several outposts in the Kachin hills, and the country is never wholly free from crimes of violence committed by the Kachins.