MALMGREN, FINN (1895-1928), Swedish meteorologist, was born at Falun. He matriculated at Stockholm at the age of 16, and went to Uppsala university, afterwards becoming assistant to Professor Hamberg at his observatory at Portetjakko. After a short period at the meteorological institute at Uppsala, Malm gren was appointed assistant professor at Pettersson's hydrographic institute for oceanic studies at Borno. In 1922 he joined Amund sen in the second stage of his voyage in the North Polar Basin, and acted for three years as meteorologist to the expedition under Dr. H. U. Sverdrup. As a result of his studies during the voyage he took his degrees of Master, and later Doctor, of Science on his return. In 1926 he flew across the North Polar Basin in the air ship Norge, and Amundsen's official account of the expedition contains a chapter by him on "Weather and Weather Warnings during the Polar flight." He gave up a post as lecturer and curator at Vastmanlands Dala College to become meteorologist of the Expedition under General Nobile, which sailed in the airship Italia for the North Pole.
After passing over the North Pole on May 24, 1928, the fol lowing day the Italia crashed on to the ice, and Malmgren was severely injured. Ten of the party were thrown out on to the ice, and the remainder were carried away in the airship. On May 3o, realizing that the injuries of Nobile and Ceccioni made it im possible for them to walk, and believing that a small party would have some chance of reaching Cape North, Malmgren set out with Mariano and Zappi. When they reached Brock island about June 15, Malmgren's legs were frostbitten and he was unable to walk any further. Mariano and Zappi stayed with him for some time, and then, at his own request, dug a trench and left him. He gave his life in order that his two companions might reach Cape North and so obtain provisions for the rest of the expedi tion. They were picked up by an aeroplane on July 13. A pro fessorship at the university of Uppsala was founded as a memorial to Malmgren.