MALIPIERO, G. FRANCESCO ), Italian composer, was born in Venice on March 18, 1882. He studied under Bossi in Venice, and in 1902 followed him to Bologna. Later he went to Paris, but his strong individuality prevented him from attaching himself to any school. Since 1921 he has been professor of composition at Parma conservatoire. Malipiero is one of the most advanced of Italian composers. One of his aims is to achieve the perfect fusion of music and drama, and his experiments in this direction have aroused great interest and much criticism. In Pantea, a symphonic drama for a dancer v'ith invisible chorus and orchestra, the dancer's movements represent, it is claimed, the "moods of the soul." Sette Canzoni, perhaps his best achieve ment so far, is now included with the two dramas La morte delle maschere and Orfeo in a trilogy under the title L'Orfeide. It is divided into episodes, each with a canzone as its central feature and mimic action for the setting. But this canzone is not a song
created for stage requirements but one which has a natural place in scenes of real life. Other dramatic works are : Ellen e Fuldano, San Francesco d'Assisi, Sogno d'un tramonto d'autunno, Canossa, and La mascherata delle principesse. He has also written four sym phonies, Impression dal vero (2 sets, 1911, 1914), Ditirambo tragico (1917), Armenie (1917), Per una favola cavalleresca (1921), Oriente immaginario, and Grottesco for orchestra; a string quartet : Rispetti e strambotti (Coolidge prize 192o) ; songs, and piano pieces ; as well as a number of literary works including the texts of his four operas, a monograph on the Orchestra, and ar ticles on musical subjects in the Rivista musicale italiana.