MAGADIS, an ancient Greek instrument believed to have been of the dulcimer type and provided with bridges so disposed as to facilitate the playing of octaves, whence the term magadiz ing for the making of this music, i.e., in octaves. See HARMONY. MAGALLANES (Spanish form of Magellan), a territory of southern Chile extending from 5o° S. to Cape Horn and including the mainland from the Argentine frontier to the Pacific coast, the islands extending along that coast, the Fuegian archipelago, and the western half of Tierra del Fuego. Area, about 52,290 sq.m. after the reduction during the regrouping of provinces in 1928; pop. (1930) 37,913. It is one of the most inhospitable regions of the world, being exposed to cold westerly storms for most of the year. The islands are barren, but the mainland is covered with for ests, practically inaccessible to exploitation because of the inclem ent climate and the wet spongy soil. The coast is indented with bays and fjords and affords remarkable scenery. There is little ani mal life on land, but the coast is frequented by the seal and sea otter and the sheltered waters by countless sea-fowl. The only
permanent settlements are at Punta Arenas, population (1930) 24,307, the capital, on the Straits of Magellan, Palomares on Ot way Water, Mina Marta on Skyring Water, Ultima Esperanza (Last Hope) on the east shore of Worsley sound, and a few other such isolated colonies. All are east of the Andean ranges and par tially sheltered from the westerly storms. In this sheltered region there are open plains where sheep are grazed. Sheep ranges have been established also on Tierra del Fuego. There are in all some 5o great sheep farms in this territory, containing several million sheep. Many of these belong to British corporations, and are in charge of Scotch shepherds. Wool to the amount of 20,000,000 lb. is shipped annually and huge quantities of chilled or frozen mutton are sent out from the packing houses in Punta Arenas. Some nomadic tribes of Indians inhabit Tierra del Fuego and the extreme southern end of the mainland, but their numbers are small. Coal is found near Punta Arenas, and there is gold.