MAUDE, SIR FREDERICK STANLEY British soldier, son of Gen. Sir Frederick Maude, V.C., was born at Gibraltar on June 24, 1864. In the South African War, as brigade-major of the Guards Brigade, he took part in the advance to Pretoria. After a spell in Canada as military secretary to the governor-general, he was engaged on the organization and training of the new Territorial Force. On mobilization in Aug. 1914 he was posted to the staff of the III. Army Corps and served in France until June 1915. In Aug. he was hurried out to the Dardanelles to take command of the 13th Division. There he took part in the evacuations of Suvla and of Helles, and in 1916 his division was dispatched from Egypt to Mesopotamia to aid in the relief of Kut-al-Amara. They arrived in time to bear a share in the final desperate endeavours to save the doomed strong hold, but the effort came to naught and after the surrender of Kut, Maude and his division remained facing the Turks on the Tigris.
He was advanced in Sept. to the position of army commander in Mesopotamia.
Maude spent three months at Basra, ensuring that when the time came his field army should be capable of acting with vigour and decision. Then, in December, he suddenly pushed forward, and within a few weeks had driven the Turks in confusion out of their entrenched camp around Kut. He occupied Baghdad on March I 1, and spent the next few months consolidating his posi tion and preparing plans for a fresh offensive. He died at Bagh
dad of cholera on Nov. 18, 1917. (See MESOPOTAMIA, OPERA TIONS IN.) See Sir C. E. Callwell, Life of Sir Stanley Maude (192o). MAUGHAM, WILLIAM SOMERSET ), English novelist and playwright, is the son of Robert Ormond Maugham. He was educated at King's School Canterbury, Heidel berg University, and St. Thomas's Hospital. He served in the Secret Service in the World War. Ashenden is based on this. His novels are largely concerned with the East ; his other plays are all rather thrown into the shade by Our Betters, a brilliantly witty and shamelessly cynical piece of social satire that was one of the greatest theatrical successes since the War.
His novels are Liza of Lambeth (1897), The Hero (190I), The Explorer (1907), The Moon and Sixpence (1919), The Trembling of a Leaf (1921), On a Chinese Screen (1922), The Painted Veil (1925), The Casuarina Tree (1926) and Ashenden, 1928. His plays include A Man of Honour (1903), Jack Straw (1908), The Land of Promise (1914), Carolina (1916), Caesar's Wife (1919), East of Suez (1922), Our Betters (1923), The Camel's Back (1924), The Constant Wife and The Letter (1927). His Plays are published by Heinemann ).