MIVART, ST. GEORGE JACKSON Eng lish biologist, was born on Nov. 3o, 1827, in London. In 1851 he was called to the bar, but devoting himself to scientific studies, he was appointed lecturer at St. Mary's Hospital medical school in 1862, and from 1874 to 1877 was professor of biology at the short-lived Catholic University College, London. In 1871 his Genesis of Species brought him into the controversy then raging round the theories of Darwin, and ultimately led to his estrangement from both Darwin and Huxley. Though admit ting evolution in general, Mivart emphasized the distinction between organic and inorganic matter, minimized the importance of natural selection, and, especially in his Nature and Thought (1882) and his Origin of Human Reason (1889), denied the evolution of the human intellect. Some articles published in the Nineteenth Century, while he was professor of the philosophy of natural history at Louvain, advocated the claims of science even where they seemed to conflict with religion, and were placed on the Index. Other articles in January 190o led to his excom munication by Cardinal Vaughan, with whom he had a curious correspondence vindicating his claim to hold liberal opinions while remaining a Catholic. Shortly afterwards he died, in London, on
April 1, 2900.
a stock of Mexican Indians, in the region of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, between long. 92° and 96°, nowhere reaching the sea. The Mixe are to the west, the Zoque to the east. The two languages are related, but seem distinct from Zapotecan, Nahuan and Maya. Mixe and Zoque were regarded as sturdy but backward people by their ancient neighbors. The Popoloco of Puebla and Tapachula of the Guatamalan frontier seem to belong to them linguistically. The 1895 census enume rated 28,00o Mixe and 12,000 Zoque.