NOGARET, GUILLAUME DE (d. 1313), councillor and keeper of the seal to Philip IV. of France, was born between 1260 and 1270, the son of a citizen of Toulouse. The family took its name from a small property near Saint Felix de Caramon. In 1291 Guillaume was professor of jurisprudence at the University of Montpellier, and in 1296 became a member of the Curia Regis at Paris. His name is connected with Philip IV.'s quarrel with Pope Boniface VIII. (q.v.), to whom Nogaret was sent with an embassy in 1300. In Feb. 1303 Nogaret persuaded Philip to agree to a plan to seize Boniface and bring him to a council in France which should depose him. Nogaret went to Italy, and captured Boniface, with the help of Sciarra Colonna, but was eventually defeated by a rising of the townsmen of Anagni. The pope's death at Rome, on Oct. II, saved Nogaret. The election of the timid Benedict XI. was the beginning of that triumph of France which lasted through the Avignon captivity. Early in 1304 Nogaret was sent by Philip to demand from Benedict XI. absolution for the enemies of Boniface VIII. Benedict refused to receive Nogaret, and he was excepted from the general absolution of May 13, and issued against him and his associates the bull Flagitiosum scelus. A Frenchman, Bernard de Got (Clement V.) was elected pope on Benedict's death in 1304. The threat of proceedings against the memory of Boniface had forced Clement to absolve Nogaret. When Philip proposed an enquiry into the condition of the Templars as a preliminary to their arrest and the seizure of their property, Nogaret persuaded the renegade members to give evidence against their fellows. Clement's ineffective resistance
still further delayed an agreement with Philip. Nogaret became keeper of the seal in 1307, and his talents as advocates diaboli had further scope in the trial (1308-13) of Guichard, bishop of Troyes, charged with crimes which included witchcraft and incon tinence. Clement feared similar proceedings against Boniface, and gave Nogaret absolution on April 27, 1311.
See E. Renan in Histoire litteraire de la France, xxvii. 233 ; R. Holz mann, Wilhelm von Nogaret (Freiburg, 1898). For the sources consult Dom Bouquet, Recueil de historiens des Gaules et de la France, vols. xx.—xxiii.; Annales regis Edwardi primi in Rishanger ("Rolls" series), PP. 483-491, which gives the fullest account of the affair at Anagni.
a suburb 1 r kilometres east of Notre Dame de Paris, in the department of Seine, on a hill on the right bank of the Marne. Pop. (1931) 20,830. The Eastern rail way here crosses the Marne valley by a viaduct 875 yd. in length. Nogent has a Gothic church, with a tower of the Romanesque period, in front of which there is a monument to Watteau, who died here in 1721. Chemical products are manufactured. The fine situation of the town gained it the name of Beaute, and Charles V. built a chateau here (demolished in the 18th century) which was presented by Charles VII. to Agnes Sorel with the title of Dame de Beaute. An island in the Marne to the south of the town is still known as the Ile de Beaute. The increase of population here in recent years is very notable.