JAMES OF ARMAGNAC, duke of Nemours (c. was the son of Bernard d'Armagnac, count of Pardiac, and Eleanor of Bourbon-La Marche. As comte de Castres, he served under Charles VII. in Normandy in 1449 and 145o, and in Guienne. Louis XI. loaded him with honours, married him to his god daughter, Louise of Anjou, and recognized his title to the duchy of Nemours in 1462. Sent by Louis to pacify Roussillon, Nemours felt that he had been insufficiently rewarded for the rapid success of this expedition, and joined the League of the Public Weal in 1465. The king's patience eventually became exhausted by his intrigues; his château at Carlat was attacked, and he was con demned by the parlement, and beheaded on Aug. 4, See B. de Mandrot, Jacques d'Armagnac, duc de Nemours (I8go). CHARLES EMMANUEL (1567-1595), son of James, duke of Nemours and Anne of Este, widow of Francis, duke of Guise, was called in his youth prince of Genevois. Involved in political in trigues by his relationship with the Guises, he was imprisoned after the assassination of Henry, duke of Guise, and his brother the cardinal of Lorraine, in 1588, but escaped. He was governor of Paris when it was besieged by Henry IV. After quarrelling with his half-brother Charles of Lorraine, duke of Mayenne, he withdrew to his government of Lyonnais, where he endeavoured to make himself independent. He was imprisoned, however, in the château of Pierre-Encise by the archbishop of Lyons. After his escape he attacked Lyons, but was defeated owing to the inter vention of the constable de Montmorency. He died at Annecy in July 1595.
His brother HENRY (1572-1632), called originally marquis de Saint-Sorlin, succeeded him as duke. In 1588 he took the mar quisate of Saluzzo from the French for his cousin, the duke of Savoy. The princes of Guise, his half-brothers, induced him to
join the League, and in 1591 he was made governor of Dauphine. He made his submission to Henry IV. in 1596. After quarrelling with the duke of Savoy he joined the Spaniards in their war against Savoy. After peace had been proclaimed on Nov. 14, 1616, he retired to the French court. He died in 1632, and was succeeded by his eldest son, Louis, and on the death of the latter in 1641 by his second son, CHARLES AMADEUS (1624-1652), who served in the army of Flanders in 1645, and in 1646 commanded the light cavalry at the siege of Courtrai. In 1652 he took part in the war of the Fronde, and was wounded at the Faubourg St. Antoine. On July 3o, 1652, he was killed in a duel by his brother in-law, Francois de Vendome, duke of Beaufort. He had two daughters, Marie Jeanne Baptiste (d. 1724), who married Charles Emmanuel of Savoy in 1665; and Marie Francoise Elisabeth, who married Alphonso VI., king of Portugal, in 1666. His brother Henry (1625-1659), archbishop of Reims, withdrew from orders and succeeded to the title.
In 1657 Henry married MARIE D'ORLEANS-LONGUEV1LLE (1625- 1707), daughter of Henry II. of Orleans, duke of Longueville. This duchess of Nemours is a famous personage. At an early age she was involved in the first Fronde, which was directed by her father and her stepmother, Anne Genevieve de Bourbon-Conde, the celebrated duchesse de Longueville ; and when her husband died in 1659, leaving her childless, her life was mainly spent in contesting her inheritance with her stepmother. She left some interesting Memoires, which are published by C. B. Petitot in the Collection complete des memoires (1819-1829).