PADIHAM, urban district, Clitheroe parliamentary division, Lancashire, England, 3 m. W. of Burnley by L.M.S. railway. Pop. (1931) 11,632. It stands on the river Calder. Its industries comprise cotton mills, quarries and coal mines. The church of St. Leonard (15th cent.) was rebuilt in the Perpendiculai style (1866-8). In 1251 Padiham was the manor of Edmund de Lacy. PADILLA, JUAN LOPEZ DE, insurrectionary leader in the "guerra de las comunidades," in which the commons of Castile made a futile stand against the arbitrary policy of Charles V. and his Flemish ministers, eldest son of the Comendador of Cas tile, he was born in Toledo towards the close of the 15th century. After the cities, by their deputies assembled at Avila, had vainly demanded the king's return, due regard for the rights of the cortes, and economical administration, to be entrusted to the Spaniards, they resolved to resort to force, and the "holy junta" was formed, with Padilla at its head. They captured Tordesillas,
and sought to establish a national Government in the name of the imbecile Joanna. Tordesillas was recaptured by the nobles, and Padilla took Torrelobaton and other towns, but his army was completely routed at Villalar (April 23, 1521), Padilla being made prisoner and executed on the following day. His wife, Maria Pacheco de Padilla, defended Toledo against the royal troops for six months afterwards, but ultimately had to flee to Portugal.
See Sandoval, Historia de Carlos V. (Pamplona, 1680 ; E. Arm strong, The Emperor Charles V. (1902) ; A. Rodriguez Villa, Juana la Loca (Madrid, 1892) ; Pero Mejia, Comunidades de Castilla (Bib. de Autores Esp., xxi.).