PASURUAN, formerly the name of a residency now called Malang, in Java, Dutch East Indies; area 8,839 sq.km. It is in the south-east part of the island, bounded on the west by Surabaya and Kediri, on the east by Besuki, north by the Java sea, and south by the Indian ocean. It is extremely mountainous. Its cen tral portion is occupied entirely by the Tengger plateau and mountains (some of them rising over 12,000 ft. high) and the Welirang-Arjuna mountain group, with the valley of the Brantas river between them, and part of the Ijen highlands. Most of the southern coast land is hilly. The only level part is in the east. The northern coastal lands however, form a wide plain with rich volcanic soil, of great fertility, and, with the Malang plain, one admirably suited to the growth of sugar-cane, of which cul ture Pasuruan is one of the leading centres in Java. Tobacco is another product, also coffee, cassava, coca and maize, whilst rice, coconut palms, and the usual other native crops flourish. In
the forest of Pasuruan are wild cattle (banteng), which are used to improve the breed of the humped Java cattle, also for food and agricultural purposes, and the hides are made into leather. The population is 2,741,105, almost entirely Javanese, and includ ing 16,401 Europeans and Eurasians. Pasuruan, on the north coast, was formerly the seat of the residency; has a sugar pro duction experimental station, and with Probolinggo (26,040) further along the coast, is a port of call for Royal Packet Naviga tion Company vessels. Other towns are the mountain health resorts of Tosari and Nongkajajar, Malang, on the Brantas, a military settlement, Lawang, which has an assistant-resident, Bangil, a railway junction, and Pasirian, near the south coast. The railway from Surabaya to Banyuwangi passes through Pasu ruan, first along the coast, and then inland, between the Ijen and Tengger plateaux, with a branch to Pasirian, and another to Kediri.