DICOTYLEDONS ARCHICHLAMYDEAE.-(Flowers often without a perianth, usually polypetalous ; pollination entomophilous in the lower orders, anemophilous in the higher orders.) Order I.
Order 2. Piperales-Piperaceae, Chloranthaceae.
3. Salicales-Salicaceae.
4. Garryales-Garryaceae.
5. Myricales-Myricaceae.
6. Balanopsidales-Balanopsidaceae.
Order 7. Leitneriales-Leitneriaceae.
Juglandales-Juglandaceae.
Batidales-Batidaceae.
Order in. Julianiales-Julianiaceae.
Fagales-Betulaceae, Fagaceae.
Urticales-Ulmaceae, Moraceae, Urticaceae.
Proteales-Proteaceae.
Order 14. Santalales-Santalaceae, Loranthaceae, Balano phoraceae.
Order 15. Aristolochiales-Aristolochiaceae, Rafflesiaceae, Hydnoraceae.
Order 16. Polygonales-Polygonaceae.
Order 17. Centrospermae-Chenopodiaceae, Amarantaceae, Phytolaccaceae, Caryophyllaceae.
Order 18. Ranales--Nymphaeaceae, Ranunculaceae, Berberi dacea,e, Magnoliaceae, Lauraceae.
Order 19. Rhoeadales--Papaveraceae, Cruciferae, Resedaceae. Order 20. Sarraceniales--Sarraceniaceae, Nepenthaceae, Dro seraceae.
21. Rosales-Podostemaceae, Crassulaceae, Saxifraga ceae, Hamamelidaceae, Platanaceae, Rosaceae, Leguminosae. Order 22. Pandales-Pandaceae.
Order 23. Geraniales--Geraniaceae, Oxalidaceae, Tropaeola ceae, Linaceae, Rutaceae, Meliaceae, Polygalaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Callitrichaceae.
Order 24. Sapindales-Buxaceae, Empetraceae, Aceraceae, Sapindaceae, Balsaminaceae.
Rhamnales-Rhamnaceae, Vitaceae.
Malvales--Tiliaceae, Malvaceae, Sterculiaceae. Order 27. Parietales--Dilleniaceae, Ochnaceae, Elatinaceae, Cistaceae, Bixaceae, Violaceae, Passifloraceae, Begoniaceae. Order 28. Opuntiales-Cactaceae.
Order 29. Myrtiflorae-Thymelaceae, Elaegnaceae, Lythra ceae, Rhizophoraceae, AIyrtaceae, Onagraceae, Hippuridaceae.
Order 3o. Umbelliflorae-Araliaceae, Umbelliferae, Corna ceae.
usually sympetalous, i.e., with the parts of the corolla more or less united, often resulting in a tubular flower.)
Order 1. Ericales--Pyrolaceae, Ericaceae, Epacridaceae. Order 2. Primulales-Myrsinaceae, Primulaceae.
Plumbaginales-Plumbaginaceae.
4. Ebanales-Sapotaceae, Ebenaceae.
Order 5. Contortae-Oleaceae, Gentianaceae, Apocynaceae, Asclepiadaceae.
Order 6. Tubiflorae-Convolvulaceae, Polemoniaceae, Bo raginaceae, Verbenaceae, Labiatae, Solanaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Bignoniaceae, Orobanchaceae, Acanthaceae.
7. Plantaginales-Plantaginaceae.
Order 8. Rubiales-Rubiaceae, Caprifoliaceae, Adoxaceae, Valerianaceae, Dipsaceae.
Order io.
Compositae.
best survey of the classification of Plants is given by A. Engler and E. Gilg, Syllabus der Pfianzenfamilien (Berlin, 1924) ; see also the larger botanical text-books such as Strasburger, Lehrbuch der Botanik (Jena, 5923) , and the English translation, Text book of Botany (London, 192o). For the classification of phanero gams see A. B. Rendle, The Classification of Flowering Plants (Vol. i. 1904, Vol. ii. 1925) ; also J. C. Willis, A Dictionary of the Flowering Plants and Ferns (Cambridge, 1925), which not only includes an out line of classification but gives in alphabetical order a brief account of the families and genera of all gymnosperms and angiosperms and also of the ferns. The fullest account of the classification of the plant king dom is given by A. Engler, Die naturlichen Pfianzenfamilien (Berlin 1887-1908), a work in over 20 volumes of which a new edition is now in progress. A good introduction to the systematic botany of flowering plants is D. B. Swingle, A Textbook of Systematic Botany (1928) ; this explains the basis of taxonomy (classification) and the terms used, and gives a review of some of the important works in systematic botany. (V. H. B.)