Monocotyledons

MONOCOTYLEDONS Order I. Pandanales-(Marsh herbs or shrubs or trees with large narrow leaves and compound heads or spikes of flowers. Seeds rich in endosperm.) Typhaceae, Pandanaceae, Sparga niaceae.

Order

2. Helobieae-(Water or marsh plants with cyclic or hemicyclic flowers, often enclosed in a spathe. Embryo large with little or no endosperm.) Potamogetonaceae, Najadaceae, Alis maceae, Mit omaceae Order 3. Triuridales--(Sdprophytes with scaly leaves and small long-stalked flowers.) Triuridaceae.

Order

4. Glumiflorae-(Usually annual or perennial herbs with naked flowers covered by bracts. Ovary unilocular with one ovule.) Graminaceae, Cyperaceae.

Order 5.

Principes-.(Plants often trees, leaves of large size often fan-like or feather-like, male and female flowers usually in spikes enclosed in a spathe, ovary superior and fruit a berry or drupe with rich endosperm.) Palmaceae.

Order 6. Synanthae-(Of ten palm-like or climbers or large herbs with male and female flowers arranged alternately over the surface of a spike.) Cyclanthaceae.

Order

7. Spathiflorae-(Herbaceous or woody plants, some times climbing, flowers on a simple spike [spadix] more or less enclosed in a bract.) Araceae, Lemnaceae.

Order 8. or sometimes grass-like in habit, flowers cyclic, hermaphrodite or unisexual, androecium often reduced, ovary usually orthotropous, endosperm mealy.) Bronzeliaceae, Commelinaceae, Pontederiaceae.

Order 9. Liliiflorae-(Usually herbs, often with bulb, corm or rhizome, perianth petaloid or glume-like; ovary trilocular superior or inferior; fruit a capsule or berry; ovule anatropous; endosperm fleshy or oily.) Juncaceae, Liliaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Dioscoreaceae, Iridaceae.

Order io. Scitamineae-(Tropical, large, perennial herbs often with sheathing leaves ; flowers hermaphrodite and irregular, androecium often reduced ; ovary inferior usually trilocular ; fruit, a berry or capsule with numerous seeds with much peri sperm, little or no endosperm.) Musaceae, Zingiberaceae, Can naceae.

Order 11. Microspermae-(Flowers of a pentacyclic trimer ous type but often with great reduction in the stamens; ovary inferior; fruit, a capsule with numerous minute seeds containing a very small undifferentiated embryo.) Orchidaceae, Burnan niaceae.