Sofala has now little but historical interest. These towns are separately noticed. Other European settlements are Chingune (see SOFALA), Angoche and Ibo, Porto Amelia on the coast, and Sena, Tete and Zumbo on the Zambezi, Macequece and Vila Joao Belo. Angoche, midway between Quelimane and Mozam bique, dates from the i7th century. It has become the port of one of the most important commercial centres of the district of Mozambique, the coconut industry being rapidly developed there. It is connected with the Mossuril-Mozambique motor road.
In 1925-6, 761 ships entered and left the port, representing a gross tonnage of 158,188. 6,793 tons of cargo were loaded. Ibo, founded at the beginning of the 17th century, on Ibo island, one of the Querimba archipelago, stands in 12° 20' S., 40° 38' E., off the northern arm of Montepuesi bay. It is 18o m. north of Mozambique. The harbour is sheltered but shallow.
The Zambezi towns, Sena, Tete and Zumbo, for long marked the limits of Portuguese penetration inland. Comparatively im portant places in the 17th and i8th centuries, with the decline of Portuguese power they fell into a ruinous condition. The opening up of Rhodesia and British Central Africa in the last quarter of the 19th century gave them renewed life.
Sena, some 150 m. by river from Chinde, is built at the foot of a hill on the southern side of the Zambezi, from which it is now distant 2 m. It has an i8th century fort, and is the head of a circumscription with a population of 78 Europeans and 40,140 natives.
Tete, founded about the same time as Sena, is also on the south bank of the Zambezi. It is about 14o m. by river above Sena. Since 1894 there has been a regular service of steamers between Tete and Chinde. A transit trade to British possessions north and south of Tete was later developed. It is the seat of government of a district of 65,000 sq.m. with a population of including 400 Europeans. The district is rich in minerals. Zumbo is picturesquely situated just below the Loangwe con fluence and commands large stretches of navigable water on the Loangwe and middle Zambezi. Zumbo is 400 km. distant from Tete, and is in 37' S., 24' 38" E. The sub-dis trict has a population of 33,106 natives.
Porto Amelia, 5o m. S. of Ibo, is the main seat of govern ment of the Nyasa company, the charter of which expires in Oct. 1929, when the State will take over the administration of the company's territory. Porto Amelia stands on Pemba bay, one of the finest harbours in the world, which, a mile and a half wide at the entrance, has an extent of seven miles by five. It is
the natural port, not only of its own hinterland, but of part of the highly developed Nyasaland protectorate and perhaps a part of northern Rhodesia also. It is healthy, well drained and free from malaria. It is connected with the State telegraphs at Mozambique.
Macequece, on the railway line from Beira to Rhodesia, 17 m. from the border, is the centre of the Manica goldfields. It is 2,500 ft. above the sea, and 194 m. N.W. of Beira by rail. It is picturesquely situated in a fertile and well-wooded district with a good water supply. The climate is healthy except in Febru ary and March. On the railway line from Lourenco Marques to the Transvaal, Moamba, the junction for the Xinavane railway and seat of the Sabie circumscription, and Ressano Garcia, the last Portuguese station, are also trading settlements, cotton being grown near the former.
Vila Joao Belo (formerly Chai-Chai and later Vila Nova de Gaza), 23 m. up the Limpopo river, is a growing commercial settlement doing an increasing business with the interior in agri cultural products. There is a biweekly steamer service to Lourenco Marques.
There are many good motor roads, especially in the district of Lourenco Marques and Inhambane, of which the most important is perhaps that linking Lourenco Marques with Goba on the Swaziland border. New constructions are roads from Tete to Blantyre, and Tete to Salisbury. An important new road linking Mocubu with Nyasaland is under construction. The province belongs to the South African Postal Union, and is in telegraphic communication with Europe via South Africa and via Zanzibar. A cable connects Mozambique with Madagascar. Inland lines con nect the ports with adjacent British possessions. There are 22,64o kilometres of telegraph and telephone lines in the province. There is a direct wireless service, with 9 stations, to the west coast, Europe, North and South America.