RIVERSIDE, a city of southern California, U.S.A., on the Santa Ana river, at the base of the San Bernardino range, 56 m. E. by S. of Los Angeles ; the county seat of Riverside county. It has a commercial aviation field, and is served by the Santa Fe, the Southern Pacific, the Union Pacific and electric railways, and by motor coach and truck lines. Pop. (1920), 19,341; and was 29,696 in 1930 by Federal census. Riverside is a beautiful city, at an altitude of 800-1,000 ft., situated in the centre of the finest orange-growing district in the State. It has an area of 4o sq.m. The climate is dry and warm, tempered by breezes from the ocean (6o m. W.). The mean annual temperature is 63° F. and the mean annual rainfall is 10.6 inches. The prevailing style of architecture is the modified Spanish type of the early missions; a noteworthy example is the Glenwood Mission inn, containing an historical museum and an art gallery. The avenues are lined with pepper and other sub-tropical trees. On the rock-crowned summit of Mt. Rubidoux, just outside the city, religious services attended by thousands are held at sunrise on Easter morning. Riverside is
the seat of Sherman Institute, the largest of the Government non-reservation schools for Indians, with an attendance of over 1,000; and of the citrus experiment station of the University of California. Over 6,000 car-loads of oranges, lemons and grape fruit are packed and shipped annually, and the annual revenue from the poultry business is estimated at $4,000,000. Much of the machinery used in handling citrus crops has been invented and perfected in Riverside and is manufactured there. The total factory output in 1927 was valued at $2,672,055. In 1870 the site of Riverside (called Jurupa Rancho, the name of the old Spanish grant) was bought by the Southern California Colony Association, and in 1873 the cultivation of navel oranges was introduced from Brazil, laying the foundation of one of the lead ing industries of the State. One of the parent trees (at the head of Magnolia avenue, protected by an iron grill) is still bearing (1928). The city was chartered in 1883.