ROSE, the name of a distinguished family of German chemists. VALENTINE RosE the elder was born on Aug. 16, 1736 at Neu Ruppin, and died on April 28, 1771 at Berlin, where he was an apothecary and, for a short time, assessor of the Ober Collegium Medicum. He was the discoverer of "Rose's fusible metal." His son, VALENTINE RosE the younger, born on Oct. 31, 1762, at Berlin, was also an apothecary in that city and assessor of the Ober Collegium Medicum from 1797. It was he who in 1800 prove,d that sulphuric ether contains no sulphur. He died in Berlin on Aug. to, 18o7, leaving four sons, one of whom, Heinrich, was a distinguished chemist, and another, Gustav, a crystallographer and mineralogist. HEINRICH ROSE, born at Berlin on Aug. 6, 1795, began to learn pharmacy in Danzig. During the summer of 1816 he studied at Berlin under M. H. Klaproth, and in the autumn entered a pharmacy at Mitau. In 1819 he went to Stockholm, where he spent a year and a half with J. J. Berzelius, and in 1821 he graduated at Kiel. Returning to Berlin he became a Privat dozent in the university in 1822, extraordinary professor of chem istry in 1823 and ordinary professor in 1835, and there he died on Jan. 27, 1864. He devoted himself especially to inorganic chem istry and the development of analytical methods, and the results of his work are summed up in the successive issues of his classical work, Ausfithrliches Handbuch der analytischen Chemie (Berlin, 1829; 6th revised ed. in French, Paris, 1861). He was the dis
coverer of antimony pentachloride and Columbium compounds.
His brother, GUSTAV ROSE (1798-1873), born at Berlin where he became successively Privatdozent (1823), extraordi nary professor of mineralogy (1826) and ordinary professor (1839). He explored Southern Asia under the direction of Hum boldt, and also made detailed studies of Vesuvius and Etna and of the extinct volcanoes of Auvergne. The science of petrography, according to G. vom Rath, originated with him. He was the first in his own country to use the reflecting goniometer for the measurement of the angles of crystals, and to teach the method of studying rocks by means of microscopic sections.
In addition to many scientific memoirs he published Elemente der Krystallographie (1830); Mineralogischgeognostische Rerse nach dem Ural, dem Altai and dem Kaspische Meere (1837-42) ; Das Krystallo chemische Mineral-system (1852) ; and Beschreibung and Eintheilung der Meteoriten (1863) .