Patrick Sarsfield
Sarsfield, Patrick ( ?-1693), Titular Earl Of Lucan, Irish Jacobite And Soldier, Belonged To An Anglo-norman Family Long Settled In Ireland. He Was Born At Lucan, But The Date Is Unknown. His Father Patrick Sarsfield Married Anne, Daughter Of Rory (roger) O'moore, Who Organized The Irish Rebellion Of 1641. Patrick, ...
Peder Skram
Skram, Peder (c. 1500-1581), Danish Senator And Naval Hero, Born Between 1491 And 1503, At His Father's Estate At Urup Near Horsens In Jutland. He First Saw Service In The Swedish War Of Christian Ii. At The Battle Of Brannkyrka, 1518, And At The Battle Of Uppsala Two Years Later ...
Pendulum
Pendulum Which Turns About An Axle F Nected With The Ground. The Short Arm Fe Of The Lever Ends A Horizontal Fork, The Branches Of Which Pass Round A Vertical Steel Axle Connected With The Mass M. This Axle Turns With Great Free Dom, So That There Is Very Little ...
Percy Bysshe Shelley
Shelley, Percy Bysshe English Poet, Was Born On Aug. 4, 1792, At Field Place, Near Horsham, Sus Sex. He Was The Eldest Child Of Timothy Shelley (1753-1844), M.p. For Shoreham, By His Wife Elizabeth, Daughter Of Charles Pilfold, Of Effingham, Surrey. His Father Was The Son And Heir Of Sir ...
Philip Henry Sheridan
Sheridan, Philip Henry American Soldier, Was Born At Albany, N.y., On March 6, 1831. His Parents, Who Had Recently Migrated From Ireland, Moved To Perry County, 0., A Year Of Ter Philip's Birth. Obtaining Through His Own En Deavours An Appointment To West Point, He Graduated In 1853. He Had ...
Philip John Schuyler
Schuyler, Philip John American Sol Dier, Was Born At Albany, N.y., On Nov. Ii, 1733. The Schuyler Family Was Established In The New World By Philip Pieterse Schuyler (d. 1683), Who Migrated From Amsterdam In 165o, And Whose Son, Peter (1657-1724), Was The First Mayor Of Albany. The Family Was ...
Philip Schaff
Schaff, Philip American Theologian And Church Historian, Was Born At Chur, Switzerland, On Jan. 1, 1819. He Was Educated At The Gymnasium Of Stuttgart, And At The Uni Versities Of Tlibingen, Halle And Berlin, Where He Became Privat Dozent In 1842. In 1843 He Became Professor Of Church His Tory ...
Philip Skippon
Skippon, Philip (d. 166o), English Soldier, Was Born At West Lexham, Norfolk. At An Early Age He Adopted The Military Profession And In 1622 Served With Sir Horace Vere In The Pala Tinate. He Took Part In Most Of The Battles And Sieges Of The Time In The Low Countries. ...
Philip Snowden Snowden
Snowden, Philip Snowden, 1st Viscount, Of Ickornshaw (1864-1937), British Statesman, Was Born On July 18, 1864, At Cowling, Yorkshire. Educated At An Elementary School, He Became A Clerk In The Customs And Excise Department. Joining The Independent Labour Party In The Year After It Was Founded, He Became One Of ...
Philippe Paul Segur
Segur, Philippe Paul, Comte De French General And Historian, Son Of Louis Philippe, Comte De Segur, Was Born In Paris On Nov. 4, 1780. He Served With General Macdonald In The Grisons In 1800-1801, And Published An Account Of The Campaign In 1802. By The Influence Of Colonel Duroc (after ...
Physical And Chemical Properties
Physical And Chemical Properties Of Silk Common Cocoons (bombyx Mori) Enclosing Chrysalides Weigh Each From 0.4 To 2 Grams, I.e., There Are From 30o To 600 To The Pound, For Small Breeds, And 27o To 30o For Large Breeds. About One-sixth Of This Weight Is Silk And Of That One-half ...
Pierre 1588 1672 Seguier
Seguier, Pierre (1588-1672), Chancellor Of France, Was Born In Paris On May 28, 1588, Of A Famous Quercy Legal Fam Ily. Pierre Was Brought Up By His Uncle, Antoine Seguier, Presi Dent A Mortier In The Parlement, And Became Master Of Requests In 1620. From 1621 To 1624 He Was ...
Pitman System
Pitman System The Publication By Isaac Pitman, In 1837, Of Stenographic Sound Hand Marked A New Era In The Development Of Phonetic Systems. Not Only Did He Classify The Sounds Of The Language Scientifically And Arrange His Material For Writing Accordingly, But He Introduced Simple Expedients Of Abbreviation That Made ...
Plaster Casting
Plaster Casting In Plaster Casting There Are At Least Three Methods Of Procedure, Each Of Which Is Determined By The Kind Of Mould Used : (i) The Gelatine Mould, (2) The Piece Mould, (3) The So-called Waste Mould. The Gelatine, Or Glue, Mould Is Generally Employed When More Than One ...
Portrait Sculpture
Portrait Sculpture ' Good Portrait Sculpture Has Remained Essentially The Same Throughout The Ages. Only Its Trappings And Its Ornamentation Have Undergone Changes, Just As Conventions Of Dress Have Changed Periodically, Characterizing A Particular Epoch. Thus We May Recognize An Egyptian Portrait Bust By The Indication Of Its Wear Ing ...
Practical Shipbuilding
Practical Shipbuilding Design.—in Order That A Naval Architect May Be In A Position To Prepare A Design For A New Ship He Must First Be Informed As Fully As Possible Of The Requirements Which He Is To Meet. These Include The Trade Or Service On Which The Ship Will Be ...
Practice Modelling
Modelling, Practice Modelling, As Treated In This Article, Is That Preliminary Stage Of A Work Of Sculpture Which Involves Its Actual Creation In A Soft Material And Its Subsequent Casting Or Reproduction In A More Permanent Material. No Consideration Is To Be Given To That Attribute Of A Piece Of ...
Present Day Song
Present-day Song In Recent Years Changes Have Taken Place In The World Of Music Quite As Startling And Revolutionary As Those Which, At The Begin Ning Of The 17th Century, Suddenly Brought The Days Of Vocal Counterpoint And The Modal System To An End And Substituted Har Mony For Melody ...
Primitive Knowledge
Primitive Knowledge Reason, The Capacity To Know, To Invent And To Evolve Theories, Has Been Regarded As The Distinctive Mark Of Man, Dividing Homo Sapiens From Other Living Beings. Perhaps Over-confident Exaggera Tion Of This Has Led To The Recent Reaction Which Denies To The Primitive Mind Any Power Of ...
Producing A Living Portrait
Producing A Living Portrait To Produce A Portrait Bust That Gives The Impression Of Life The Sculptor Must Have Behind Him A Wealth Of Experience. He Must Know That A Man Does Not Laugh With His Mouth Or His Eyes Alone But With His Entire Head, And That When He ...
Psalms Of Solomon
Solomon, Psalms Of. These Psalms, 18 In All, En Joyed But Small Consideration In The Early Christian Church ; For Only Six Direct References To Them Are Found In Early Christian Literature, Though In The Jewish Church They Must Have Played An Important Role; For They Were Used In The ...
Publius Cornelius Scipio Aemilianus
Scipio Aemilianus Africanus, Publius Cornelius, The Younger (185-129 B.c.), Was The Younger Son Of L. Aemilius Paullus, The Conqueror Of Macedonia. He Fought When A Youth Of 17 By His Father's Side At The Battle Of Pydna (168), Which Decided The Fate Of Macedonia And Made Northern Greece Subject To ...
Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus
Scipio Africanus, Publius Cornelius, The Elder (237-183 B.c.), Son Of P. Cornelius Scipio; Was Present At The Disastrous Battles Of The Ticinus (where, According To One Tra Dition, He Saved His Father's Life), The Trebia And Cannae. Even Of Ter The Last He Resolutely Protested Against Several Roman Nobles Who ...
Queen Mary In Scotland
Queen Mary In Scotland The Alliance Between Elizabeth And The Protestants Marks The End Of The Franco-scottish ,league And The Triumph Of The Ref Ormation In Scotland. An English Fleet Besieged Leith, And The Queen Regent, Stricken With Mortal Illness, Took Refuge In The Castle Of Edinburgh, Where She Died ...
Quintus Sertorius
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Raipur 1864 1928
Raipur (1864-1928), Indian Statesman, Was Born Of An Ancient Family Of The Kayashta Or Writer Caste In The Village Of Raipur, Birbhum District, Bengal, In June 1864. From The Presidency College, Calcutta, He Went To London In 1881 To Join Lincoln's Inn, Where He Won Many Prizes And Scholarships, And ...
Rancesco Della Rovers
Rancesco Della Rovers), Pope From Aug. 9, 1471, To Aug. 12, 1484, Was Born Of A Poor Family Near Savona In 1414. He Entered The Franciscan Order At An Early Age And Studied Philosophy And Theology At The Universities Of Padua And Bologna. He Was Chosen General Of His Order ...
Raphael 1809 1877 Semmes
Semmes, Raphael (1809-1877) , American Naval Officer, Was Born In Charles County, Md., On Sept. 27, 1809. He Was Appointed Midshipman In The Navy In 1826, And While Waiting. For Orders Studied Law And In 1834 Was Admitted To The Bar. Semmes Served In The War With Mexico ; Was ...
Reiherr Von
Reiherr Von Prussian Soldier, One Of The Greatest Cavalry Generals Of History, Was Born On Feb. 3, 1721 At Calcar, In The Duchy Of Cleve. At The Age Of Thirteen He Went As A Page To The Court Of The Margrave Of Schwedt, Who Had Been His Father's Colonel. Here ...
Religion
Religion Public Interest In The Problem Of Religious Education In Eng Land Centres Largely On Its Position In The Primary School. Up To 187o Such Instruction Was Largely Provided By The Two Great School Societies, The National Society And The British And For Eign School Society, And These Two Bodies ...
Religion
Religion The Early Public. Schools In America, As Well As Private And Parochial Schools, Gave Full Expression To The Religious Faith Of Their Constituency. Especially In New England, Where It Was Favoured By A Sympathetic Relation Of Church And State, The Pub Lic Schools Avowed A Religious Aim And Taught ...
Renaissance Sculpture
Renaissance Sculpture In Italy In The 15th Century The Growth Of The Scientific Spirit, Expressing Itself In Research And Experiment, Led To A Renewed Interest In Classic Sculpture. This Sculpture, Which Was That Of Latium Rather Than Of Greece, Revealed Itself At First As Little More Than A New And ...
Respiratory System
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Richard 1638 1712 Simon
Simon, Richard (1638-1712), French Biblical Critic, Born At Dieppe On May 13, 1638, Was Educated By The Fathers Of The Oratory At Dieppe And At The University Of Paris. Simon Entered The Priesthood In 1670, And The Same Year Wrote A Pamphlet In Defence Of The Jews Of Metz, Who ...
Richard Brinsley Butler Sheridan
Sheridan, Richard Brinsley Butler (1751— 1816), Third Son Of Thomas And Frances Sheridan, Was Born In Dublin On Oct. 30, 1751. At The Age Of 1 T He Was Sent To Harrow School, Where He Spent Six Years. After Leaving Harrow He Kept Up A Correspondence With A School Friend ...
Richard Norman 1831 1912 Shaw
Shaw, Richard Norman (1831-1912), British Archi Tect, Was Born In Edinburgh On May 7, 1831. At The Age Of Sixteen He Was Apprenticed In London To William Burn. He Also Attended The Architectural Schools Of The Royal Academy, Where, In He Gained The Gold Medal And Two Years' Travelling Studentship. ...
Richard Savage
Savage, Richard (d. 1743), English Poet, Was Born About 1697, Probably Of Humble Parentage. A Romantic Account Of His Origin And Early Life, For Which He At Any Rate Supplied The Material, Appeared In Curll's Poetical Register In 1719. On This And Other Information Provided By Savage, Samuel Johnson Founded ...
Robert 1757 1842 Smith
Smith, Robert (1757-1842), An American Statesman, Was U.s. Secretary Of The Navy, 1802-05, And Attorney General, 1805-09, Under Jefferson; Also Secretary Of State, 1809-11, Under Madison. In The Last Mentioned Post He Entered Into An Agree Ment With David M. Erskine, The British Minister At Washing Ton, Which Was Promptly ...
Robert Alexander Schumann
Schumann, Robert Alexander German Musical Composer, Was Born On June 8, 181o, In Zwickau, Saxony, The Son Of A Publisher. He Tells Us That He Began To Com Pose Before His Seventh Year. At Fourteen He Wrote An Essay On The Aesthetics Of Music And Also Contributed To A Volume ...
Robert Carr Somerset
Somerset, Robert Carr (or Ker), Earl Of (c. Scottish Politician, Younger Son Of Sir Thomas Ker Of Ferniehurst By His Second Wife, Janet, Sister Of Sir Walter Scott Of Buccleuch. He Accompanied James I. As Page To England, But Being Then Discharged From The Royal Service, Sought For A Time ...
Robert Falcon 1868 191 Scott
Scott, Robert Falcon (1868-191 If; And Explorer, Was Born At Devonport On June 6, 1868. Educated At Stoke Damerel And Stubbington House, Fareham, He Passed Into H.m.s. "britannia" In 188o, And In 1882 Became A Midship Man On The "boadicea." In 1897 He Was Promoted First Lieutenant, And Two Years ...
Robert Lowe Sherbrooke
Sherbrooke, Robert Lowe, Viscount (1811— 1892), British Statesman, Was Born On Dec. 4, 1811 At Bingham, Notts, Where His Father Was The Rector. He Was Educated At Win Chester And At University College, Oxford. In 1835 He Won A Fellowship At Magdalen, But Vacated It On His Marriage In 1836, ...
Robert Sempill
Sempill, Robert (the Elder) (c. 153o-1595), Scottish Ballad-writer, Was In All Probability A Cadet Of Illegitimate Birth Of The Noble House Of Sempill Or Semple. He Was Probably A Soldier, And Must Have Held Some Office At The Scottish Court, As His Name Appears In The Lord Treasurer's Books In ...
Roebuck And Co Sears
Sears, Roebuck And Co., World's Largest Distributor Of General Merchandise, With Executive Offices In Chicago. It Was Founded By Richard W. Sears, Railroad Station Agent In A Minne Sota Town, Who Began Selling Watches By Mail In 1886. Subse Quently He Moved To Chicago And Was Joined By A. C. ...
Rolling Of Ships
Rolling Of Ships A Ship At Sea Is Subjected To The Action Of Waves Which Set Up Rolling, Pitching And Other Oscillatory Motions, Of A More Or Less Complex Character. Of These, In General, Rolling Is The Most Important, And It Is Sufficient In Considering Rolling To Neglect The Influence ...
Roman Schools
Roman Schools First Stage.—at Rome Schools Began With Intercourse With Greeks. According To Suetonius, The Emperor Hadrian's Secre Tary, Who Wrote The School Masters (de Grammaticis) About A.d. 140, Literary Teaching And The Science Of Grammar Began With Livius Andronicus, A Greek From Magna Graecia In The South Of Italy, ...
Romanesque Sculpture
Romanesque Sculpture It Was Not Until The 11th Century That Sculpture Became Once More A Monumental Art. In The Romanesque Monasteries, Which Covered Western Europe, Sculpture, Being Made Once More Sub Ordinate To Architecture In The Decoration Of Cloister And Abbey Doorway, Began A Fresh Development Which Carried It From ...
Roundell Palmer Selborne
Selborne, Roundell Palmer, 1st Earl Of (1812-1895), English Lawyer And Statesman, Was Born At Mixbury, In The County Of Oxford, On Nov. 27, 1812 ; His Father Was Rector Of The Parish. He Was Educated At Rugby And Winchester, And At Trinity College, Oxford. He Was Called To The Bar ...
Samuel Seabury
Seabury, Samuel American Protestant Episcopal Bishop, Was Born On Nov. 3o, 1729, In Groton, Conn. He Graduated At Yale In 1748; Studied Medicine At Edinburgh; Became A Catechist At Huntington; Was Ordained In 1753 ; Was Missionary In New Brunswick, N.j., In And Rector In Jamaica, N.y., In 1757-66, And ...
Sand Oceanography
Oceanography, Sand, Sandstone, Etc. (p. G. H. B. ) Sedition, In Law, An Attempt To Disturb The Tranquillity Of The State. In English Law It Is A Very Elastic Term, Including Offences Ranging From Libel To Treason (q.v.). It Is Rarely Used Except In Its Adjectival Form, E.g., Seditious Libel, ...
Sarah 1755 1831 Siddons
Siddons, Sarah (1755-1831), English Actress, The Eldest Of 12 Children Of Roger Kemble, Was Born In The "shoulder Of Mutton" Public-house, Brecon, Wales, On July 5, 1755. She Became Attached To William Siddons, Whom She Married At Trinity Church, Coventry, On Nov. 26, In 1774 She Played Belvidera In Otway's ...
Sartre
Sartre, A Department Of France, Formed In 1790 Out Of The Eastern Part Of Maine, And Portions Of Anjou And Of Perche. Pop. (1931) 384,619. Area 2,410 Sq.m. It Is Bounded North By The Department Of Orne, North-east By Eure-et-loir, East By Loir-et-cher, South By Indre-et-loire And Maine-et-loire And West ...
Saskatchewan
Saskatchewan. The Middle Member Of The Three Prairie Provinces Of Canada, Lies Between 6o° N. And 49° N. And Io° W. And 102° W. Physiographically It Is Divisible Into Two Main Areas By A Line From About 53° 3o' N. On The Eastern Border (just South Of Cumberland Lake) To ...
Sassari
Sassari, A Town And Archiepiscopal See Of Sardinia, Capital Of The Province Of Sassari, Situated In The N.w. Corner Of The Island, 121 M. By Rail S.e. Of Porto Torres On The North Coast, And 211 M. N.w. Of Alghero On The West Coast, 762 Ft. Above Sea-level. Pop. (1931) ...
Satara
Satara, A Town And District Of British India, In The Central Division Of Bombay, Io M. From Satara Road Station On The Madras And Southern Mahratta Railway. The Name Is Derived From The "seventeen" Walls, Towers And Gates Which The Fort Was Supposed To Possess. The Town Is 2,32o Ft. ...
Satire
Satire, In Its Literary Aspect, May Be Defined As The Ex Pression In Adequate Terms Of The Sense Of Amusement Or Disgust Excited By The Ridiculous Or Unseemly, Provided That Humour Is A Distinctly Recognizable Element, And That The Utterance Is Invested With Literary Form. Without Humour, Satire Is Invective; ...
Satisfaction
Satisfaction, Reparation For An Injury Or Offence; Pay Ment, Pecuniary Or Otherwise, Of A Debt Or Obligation; Particularly, In Law, An Equitable Doctrine Of Much Importance. In English Law, As Between Strangers, It Was Laid Down In Talbot V. Duke Of Shrewsbury, 1714, Pr. Ch. 394, That Where A Debtor ...
Satrap
Satrap, In Ancient History, The Name Given By The Persians To The Governors Of The Provinces; Pers. Khshatrapdvan, I.e., "protector (superintendent) Of The Country (or District)," Heb. Sakhshadrapan, Gr. Itatraorns (insc. Of Miletus, Sitzungsber. Berl. Ak., 1900, 112), (insc. Of Mylasa, Ditten Berger, Sylloge, 3rd Ed., 167) 4a-rpioros (insc. Of ...