SAUGOR or SAGAR, so named after its beautiful lake, a town and district of British India in the Jubbulpur division of the Central Provinces. The town, in a picturesque situation on a spur of the Vindhyan hills about 1,7oo feet above sea level, has a sta tion of the Indian Midland section of the G.I.P. Railway. Popula tion (1931) 39,822. It has ceased to be a growing place, though it is still fourth in importance in the province. The town is handsomely built and the cantonment well wooded. It has no factories and its old industries, which included the manufacture of gold and silver ornaments, are not very flourishing. There is an old Mahratta fort, now used as a police school, which was held for several months by the Europeans in the Mutiny until relieved by Sir Hugh Rose.
ous streams, of which the Sunar, Beas, Dhasan and Bina are the principal, flowing in a central direction and being affluents of the Ganges. In the southern and central parts the soil is black, formed by decaying trap. In the north and east it is reddish-brown allu vium. The population in 1931 was 544,589, or some 45,000 less than in 1891, but it is likely to recover if seasons are good.
The district contains five small towns and 1,83o villages. The chief land-holding classes are Brahmins, Dangis, Lodhis and Bundela Rajputs. Mohammedans are only 5% of the population. Government forests cover 75o sq.m. but are not of great value. There is good iron ore in the Shahgarh tract smelted in small furnaces and some fine sandstone quarries.