STUMPF, CARL (1848-1936), German psychologist and philosopher, was born at Wiesentheid, Bavaria, April 21, 1848. He studied first at Wiirzburg under Brentano, and later at Gottingen under Lotze. He was greatly influenced in his philosophy and psychology by these two men, and remained loyal to them. He was appointed to the chair of philosophy at Wiirzburg (1873), Prague (1879), Halle (1884), Munich (1889) and finally Berlin (1894) where he was professor of philosophy and director of the psychological laboratory. In 1900 he founded the phonogram archivs, which consist of a collection of phonograph records of primitive music. In 1907-8 he was rector of Berlin university. In 1921 he reached the age limit, and retired from active teaching.
His chief publications included: Ueber den psychologischen Ursprunq der Raumvorstellung (1873) ; Tonpsychologie (I883-9o) ; "Ueber den Begriff der mathematischen Wahrscheinlichkeit," Sitz. bayr. Ak. (1892) ;
Ueber Leib and Seele (1897) ; Beitrdge zur Akustik and Musikwissen schaft (1898-1924) ; "Ueber den Begriff der Gemiitsbewegung," Z. f. Psychol. (1899) ; "Erscheinungen und psychische Funktionen," Abh. pr. Ak. (1906) ; "Zur Einteilung der Wissenschaften," Abh. pr. Ak. (1906) ; "Ueber Gefiihlsempfindungen," Z. f. Psychol. (1907) ; Die Wiedergeburt der Philosophie (1908) ; Philosophische Reden und V ortrdge (Iwo) ; Die Anfiinge der Musik (i9ii) ; "Apologie der Gefiihlsempfindungen," Z. f. Psychol. (1916) ; "Die Struktur der Vokale," Sitz. pr. Ak. (1918) ; Die Sprachlaute: experimentellphone tische Untersuchungen (1926). See also B. Rand, The Classical Psy chologists (1912) ; and Stumpf's autobiography in R. Schmidt, Die Philosophie der Gegenwart in Selbstdarstellungen (1924).
(H. S. L.)