Tibetan Art
Tibetan Art. Tibetan Art Is To A Large Extent A Continua Tion Of The Mediaeval Buddhist Art Of Behar And Orissa, The Dominions Of The Pala Kings, Which Were The Strongholds Of Indian Buddhism During The I 1 Th And 12th Centuries. The Conservatism Which Is So Marked A Feature ...
Tibetan Language
Tibetan Language. The Language Of Tibet Is Known As "the Speech Of Bod Or Tibet" Namely Bod-skad (pronounced Bho-16), While The Vernacular Is Called P'al-skad Or "vulgar Speech," In Contradistinction To The Rje-sa Or "polite Respectful Speech" Of The Educated Classes, And The Ch'os-skad Or "book Language," The Literary Style ...
Tibeto Burman Languages
Tibeto-burman Languages. The Man Family Comprises Dialects Spoken From Tibet In The North To Burma In The South, And From The Ladakh Wazarat Of Kashmir In The West To The Chinese Provinces Of Sze-ch'uen And Yiinnan In The East. In The First Place We Have The Various Tibetan Dialects, Spoken ...
Tibia
Tibia, A Pipe Played By Means Of A Reed Mouthpiece, Ex Tensively Used In Classic Rome. The Tibia, Often Mistranslated "flute," Was Identical With The Aulos (q.v.) Of The Greeks, And It May Be Regarded As The Prototype Of Our Clarinet Or Oboe (qq.v.). Tibullus, Albius (c. 54-19 B.c.), Latin ...
Tibur
Tibur (mod. Tivoli, Q.v.), An Ancient Town Of Latium, 18 M. E.n.e. Of Rome By The Via Tiburtina. (see Tiburtina, Via.) It Is Finely Situated At The Point Where The Anio Forms Its Celebrated Falls; It Is Protected On The East, North And North-west By The River And It Commands ...
Ticino
Ticino, A Wedge-shaped Swiss Canton. Driven Into Italy. Its Northern Boundary Runs Along The Lepontine-adula Alps, And Its Southern Tip Reaches Beyond Lago Di Lugano Almost To Como. Historically, It Represents Early Swiss Conquests From The Duchy Of Milan (see Switzerland, History) Loosely Amalgamated To Form One Of The Six ...
Ticino_2
Ticino (ger. Tessin, Anc. Ticinus), A River Of Switzerland And North Italy, Which Gives Its Name To The Swiss Canton Of Ticino (q.v.), And Gave It In Classical Times To The Town Of Ticinum (pavia). It Rises At The Foot Of The Gries Pass To The West Of Airolo ; ...
Ticking
Ticking. A Strong Linen, Cotton Or Union Fabric Usually Woven In Stripes Of Colour; Blue And Red With White Being The Most Common. The Name Is De Rived From A Word "tick," Com Mon In Various Forms To Many Languages, Signifying A Case Or Sheath. Its Original Use Was To ...
Ticonderoga
Ticonderoga, A Village In The Township Of Ticonderoga, Essex County, New York, U.s.a., On The Outlet Of Lake George, Oo M. By Rail N. By E. Of Albany. Pop. (193o), 3,680. Ticon Deroga Is Served By The Delaware And Hudson And The Rutland Railways. The Water From Lake George Falls ...
Tidal Power
Tidal Power. The Idea Of Utilizing The Rise And Fall Of The Tides For Power Purposes Has Long Attracted The Attention Of Inventors, And Many Ingenious Schemes Have Been Suggested. So Far, However, The Only Practicable Method Is Based On The Use Of One Or More Tidal Basins, Separated From ...
Tidore Or Tidor
Tidore Or Tidor, A Mountainous Island Of The Moluccas, D.e. Indies, Lying South Of Ternate, Nearly Circular In Shape, With An Area Of About 3o Square Miles. The Southern Part Is Occupied Almost Entirely By An Inactive Volcanic Peak (5,9oo Ft.). Below The I,000 Ft. Level Coffee, Fruit And Tobacco ...
Tierra Del Fuego
Tierra Del Fuego, An Archipelago Lying Between 52° 27' And 55° 59' S. Lat. And 43' And 74° 44' W. Long. At The Southern Extremity Of South America, From Which It Is Separated By Magellan Strait. At The First Narrows And At Other Points The Strait Is Scarcely A Mile ...
Tiflis
Tiflis (now Tbilisi), The Capital Of The Georgian S.s.r., And The Chief Town Of Transcaucasia, Situated On Both Banks Of The Kura River, And On The Railway Linking The Black Sea And The Caspian, In 41' N., 44° 48' E. Pop. C. 405,900. Shut In By Hills (1,50o To 2,400 ...
Tiger
Tiger (fells Tigris), An Animal Only Rivalled By The Lion In Size, Strength And Ferocity Among The Cat-like Beasts Of Prey (see Carnivora), The Difference Between The Two Lying Mainly In The Skin And Its Coverings. A Tiger's Skull May, However, Always Be Distinguished From That Of A Lion By ...
Tiglath Pileser Iii Or Iv
Tiglath-pileser Iii. Or Iv., Was A Successful General Who Usurped The Assyrian Throne On The 13th Of Iyyar 745 B.c., After The Fall Of The Older Dynasty, And Changed His Name Of Pulu (pul) To That Of The Famous Conqueror Of Earlier Times. In Babylonia, However, He Continued To Be ...
Tigranes Or Dikran
Tigranes Or Dikran, King Of Armenia (c. 140-55 B.c.). He Was The Son Or Nephew Of Artavasdes Of Armenia, And A Mem Ber Of The Dynasty Founded By Artaxias, A General Of Antiochus Iii. (see Seleucid Dynasty.) He Was Given To Mithradates Ii. Of Parthia As A Hostage, And Purchased ...
Tile
Tile, A Thin, Flat Slab, Usually Of Burned Clay, Glazed Or Un Glazed, Used Either Structurally Or Decoratively In Building. The Usage Of The Word Varies Widely; In Connection With Roofing, Flat Slabs Of Any Material Are Sometimes Termed Tiles, As For Instance, The Marble Tiles Occasionally Used In Greek ...
Timaeus
Timaeus (c. 25o B.c.), Greek Historian, Was Born At Tauromenium In Sicily. Driven Out By Agathocles, He Migrated To Athens, Where He Studied Rhetoric Under A Pupil Of Isocrates And Lived For 5o Years. During The Reign Of Hiero Ii. He Returned To Sicily (probably To Syracuse), Where He Died. ...
Timber
Timber. The Terms "wood" And "timber" Are Not Synonyms, For Wood Occurs In The Veins Of Leaves And As Strings In Thick Palm Stems, Also In Thicker Cylindrical Form In Twigs Of Shrubs And Trees. The Term Timber, Synonymous With The North American Term Lumber, Applies Solely To Wood Of ...
Timber Preservation
Timber Preservation. The Art Of Protecting Timber From Decay Or The Ravages Of Insects Is Of Very Ancient Origin. It Is Probable That The Egyptians, Who Were Experts In The Preserva Tion Of Organic Bodies, Also Preserved Wood By Artificial Means. Pliny Mentions That The Ancients Employed Essential Oils, Such ...
Timbuktu
Timbuktu (fr. Tombouctou), Chief Town Of A District Of The Colony Of French Sudan, French West Africa, 9 M. N. Of The Main Stream Of The Niger In 16° N. And 5° W. Timbuktu Lies On A Terrace Formed By The Southern Scarp Of The Sahara, About Boo Ft. Above ...
Time Measurement
Time Measurement. The Problem Of The Measurement Of Time Demands A Reference To Its Philosophical Foundation, If It Is To Be Viewed Otherwise Than As An Empiric Treatment Of A Practical Necessity. Without Touching The Contention Of Relativ Ists That Time Is In A Certain Sense Merely A Fourth Dimension ...
Timgad
Timgad, A Ruined City 23 M. S.e. Of Batna In The Department Of Constantine, Algeria. Timgad, The Thamugas Of The Romans, Was Built On The Lower Slopes Of The Northern Side Of The Aures Mountains, And Was Situated At The Intersection Of Six Roads. It Was Traversed By Two Main ...
Timisoara
Timisoara (formerly Temesvar), A City Of Western Rumania, Capital Of The Department Of Timis Torontal. Pop. (1930) 91,866, Largely Magyar. It Lies On The Navigable Bega Canal And On The River Bega, And Consists Of The Inner Town, F Or Merly Strongly Fortified, And Of Four Outlying Suburbs, The Inter ...
Timoleon
Timoleon (c. 411–c. 337 B.c), Of Corinth, Greek States Man And General. As The Champion Of Greece Against Carthage He Is Closely Connected With The History Of Sicily, Especially Syra Cuse (q.v.). He Was Driven Into Exile For 20 Years By The Anger Of His Family At His Acquiescence In ...
Timor
Timor, The Largest Of The Lesser Sunda Islands, In The Malay Archipelago, The North-eastern Part Of Which, Together With A Small Enclave In The South (ocussi-ambeno), Belongs To Portugal, Whilst The South-western Half Belongs To Holland And Forms Part Of The Dutch East Indies. Dutch Timor With Sumbawa, Sumba, Flores ...
Timotheus
Timotheus, Athenian Statesman And General, Son Of Conon, The Restorer Of The Walls Of Athens. From 378-356 B.c. He Fre Quently Held Command In The War Between Athens (in Alliance With Thebes), And Sparta. In 375 Timotheus Was Sent With A Fleet To Sail Round Peloponnesus By Way Of Demonstration ...
Timothy Or Timotheus
Timothy Or Timotheus In The New Testament Was One Of The Younger Companions Of The Apostle Paul. He Was Connected With Lystra In Lycaonia, Born Of A Pagan Father And Of A Jewish Mother Called Eunice, His Grandmother Being Also A Christian. When The Apostle Came Across Him At Home, ...
Timur
Timur (timur I Leng, The Lame Timur), Commonly Known As Tamerlane, The Renowned Oriental Conqueror, Was Born In 1336 At Kesh, Better Known As Shahr-i-sabz, "the Green City," 5o M. South Of Samarkand In Transoxiana. His Father Teragai Was Head Of The Tribe Of Berlas. Great-grandson Of Karachar Nevian (minister ...
Tin Plate And Terne Plate
Tin-plate And Terne-plate. Is A Sheet Of Iron Or Steel Which Has Been Thinly Coated With Tin By Being Dipped In A Molten Bath Of That Metal. Terne-plate Is A Sheet Of Iron Or Steel Coated With A Lead-tin Alloy Containing About 85% Lead And 15% Tin. The Word Terve ...
Tinnevelly
Tinnevelly, A Town And District Of British India, In The Madras Presidency. The Town Is On The Left Bank Of The Tam Braparni River, On The Other Side Of Which Is Palamcottah, The Administrative Headquarters Of The District. Pop. (1931) 57,078. It Is On The South Indian Railway, 444 M. ...
Tintagel
Tintagel (tin-taj'el) Or Trevena, Village, Cornwall, England, 41 M. N.w. Of Camelf Ord. Pop. (1921) 1,307. It Stands On A Bare Upland, Close To The Sea; And Below It Is Tintagel Haven, Or Porth, A Small Cove Surrounded By Cliffs Of Almost Black Slate. Ruins Of A Castle Are Built ...
Tipperary
Tipperary, A County Of Ireland In The Province Of Mun Ster, Bounded North-west By Galway, North-east By Offaly County, East By Leix County And Kilkenny, South By Waterford, And West By Cork, Limerick, Clare And Galway. The County Is The Sixth In Size Of The Irish Counties, Having An Area ...
Tirah
Tirah, A Mountainous Tract Of Country On The Peshawar Border Of The North-west Province Of India. It Lies Between The Khyber Pass And The Khanki Valley, And Is Inhabited By The Afridi And Orakzai Tribes. It Is Chiefly Notable As The Scene Of The Tirah Campaign Of 1897. It Is ...
Tirol
Tirol, Formerly An Austrian Province, Now A Gau Of Greater Germany, Comprises An Area Of 4,882 Square Miles. It Is Almost Wholly Mountainous, Elongated In An East-west Direction. Three Distinct Litho] Ogical Belts Exist In This Area. The Northern Third Of The Country Is A Limestone Zone, Including The Lechtal ...
Tirso De Molina
Tirso De Molina, The Pseudonym Of Gabriel Tellez (1571-1648), Spanish Dramatist. Born At Madrid, He Professed In The Order Of Mercy On Jan. 21, 1601. Sent By His Superiors On A Mission To The West Indies In 1615, He Returned To Europe In 1617, And Resided At The Mercenarian Monastery ...
Tiryns
Tiryns (gr. Te-runs, Anglicized Ti-rinz), A Prehistoric Fort Ress And Afterwards A Small Greek City, On An Isolated Ridge Of Rock Near The East Side Of The Plain Of Argos In Peloponnese, About 3 M. From The Coast, And From The Port Of Nauplia. There Is A Railway Station Close ...
Tissaphernes
Tissaphernes (pers. Cithrafarna), Persian Soldier And Statesman, Son Of Hydarnes. In 413 He Was Satrap Of Lydia And Caria, And Commander In Chief Of The Persian Army In Asia Minor (thuc. Viii. 5). When Darius Ii. Ordered The Collection Of The Outstanding Tribute Of The Greek Cities, He Entered Into ...
Tissue Culture
Tissue Culture. The Body Is Composed Of Countless Myriads Of Cells Assembled In Tissues And Organs. The Cells Belong To Several Types : Wandering Cells Such As Blood Leucocytes And Tissue Macrophages Which Roam Through The Entire Organism; Epithelial Cells, The Noblest Elements Of The Body, Which Form The Glands, ...
Titanium
Titanium (symbol Ti, Atomic Number 22, Atomic Weight 48-1). In A Substantially Pure State, Titanium Has A Very Restricted Commercial Application. The Method Adopted By Hunter Is The Standard One For The Production Of The Pure Element, But An Im Pure Product May Be Obtained From The Dioxide By The ...
Tithes
Tithes, A Form Of Tribute Consisting Of A Tenth Of A Man's Property Or Produce, Connected Politically With Taxation, And Religiously With The Offering Of "firstfruits" To Deity. This Cus Tom Was Almost Universal In The Ancient World, And Can Be Traced In Babylonia, Persia, Arabia, Egypt, Greece, Rome And ...
Titian
Titian (c. 1477-1576), Tiziano Vecellio, Or Vecelli, One Of The Greatest Representatives Of The Venetian School Of Painting. The House At Pieve Di Cadore Where He Was Born Is Now A Small Museum. Titian, One Of A Family Of Four, Was The Son Of Gregorio Vecelli, A Distinguished Councillor And ...
Title Guarantee Companies
Title Guarantee Companies, The Name Given To Companies Which =pp.:: Nrincip„, Of Corporate Indemnity To The Protection Of Those Interested In Real Estate Titles. Either As Owners Or Lenders. They Are Of The Class Of Indemnity Companies In Which Technical Skill And Experience In Stization Of Risks Are Relied Upon ...
Title Insurance Or Guarantee
Title Insurance Or Guarantee Of Title, A Term Used In The United States For A Policy Of Insurance Or A Guarantee Of Indemnity (see Title Guarantee Companies), Giv Ing Protection And Safeguard To An Owner Of Real Estate, Or A Lender Of Money Upon It, Against Any Loss Or Damage ...
Titmouse
Titmouse (often Abbreviated To "tit"), Meaning A Little Mouse, The Popular Name Of Any Of A Number Of Birds Of The Genus Parus, Family Paridae, Of The Order Passeres. The Genus Is Usually Non-migratory, And Is Widely Spread Throughout The World, Being Found Everywhere Except In South America And The ...
Titus Tatius
Titus Tatius, In Roman Legend, The Sabine King Of Cures, Who Waged War Upon The Romans To Avenge The Rape Of The Sabine Women (see Romulus). After Various Indecisive Conflicts The Latter, Who Had Become Roman Matrons, Intervened And Prevailed Upon The Combatants To Cease Fighting. A Formal Treaty Was ...
Tivoli
Tivoli (tiv'o-le), (anc. Tibur, Q.v.), A Town And Episcopal See, Province Of Rome, 18 M. E.n.e. Of Rome By Road And Tram Way, 244 M. By Rail, 76o Ft. Above Sea-level. Pop. (1931), 15,312 (town), 19,223 (commune). Tivoli Lies On The West Of The Sabine Mts., Where The River Anio ...
Tlaxcala
Tlaxcala, A Town Of Mexico, Capital Of A State Of The Same Name, On The Atoyac River, 7,50o Ft. Above The Sea, 85 M. E. Of Mexico City By Rail. Pop. 0930), 3,199. Historic Interest At Taches To The Church Of San Francisco, The First Erected On The American Continent, ...
Tobacco
Tobacco, The Name Gis.t-n To The Leaves Of Several Species Of Ifieutiosso Pre• Parrd In Varfoul Ways Mainly For Smoking Or Tbewing Purposes, And In The Powdered For Inhalation Snuff The Use Of Obacco 14 More Widely Spread Than K That Any Other Narroet Or ‘timulant, Botany.—few Of The Numerous ...
Tobacco Pipe
Tobacco Pipe. The Smoking Of Tobacco In Pipes Is A Cus Tom Which Has Prevailed In America For A Period Of Unknown Duration. The Most Ancient Pipes Of Which Remains Exist Have Been Found In Mounds Or Tumuli Called Pipe Mounds, Principally In Ohio, Indiana, Illinois And Iowa. These Mound ...
Tobago
Tobago, An Island In The British West Indies, 20 M. N.e. Of Trinidad, In I I° 15' N. And 6o° 4o' W. Pop. (193 1) 25.358. It Is 26 Di. Long And 72 M. Broad. Area 114 Sq.m. Or 73,313 Acres, Of Which About I O,000 Are Under Cultivation. It ...
Tobogganing
Tobogganing, The Sport Of Sliding Down Snow-covered Hills And Artificial Ice-shutes On The Toboggan, A Sled From 3ft. To 8f T. Long And 2ft. To 3ft. Wide, Formed Of Strips Of Wood From To Lin. In Width, Fitted Together And Curved Up At The Front (micmac Indian, Tobaakan, Sledge). The ...
Toc H
Toc H, An Interdenominational Organization For Christian Social Service, Founded As A Memorial To British Youth Who Per Ished In The World War. At Hooge, In The First German Liquid Fire Attack In July 1915, There Fell A Lad Named Gilbert Talbot, Lieutenant In The Rifle Brigade And Son Of ...
Todleben
Todleben (or Totleben), Franz Eduard Ivanovich, Count (1818-1884), Russian Engineer General, Was Born At Mittau In Courland, On May 20, 1818. He Entered The School Of Engineers At St. Petersburg, And Passed Into The Army In 1836. In 1848 And The Two Following Years He Was Em Ployed, As Captain ...
Togoland
Togoland, A Country Of West Africa (the French And German Form Is Togo). The Maritime Zone Forms Part Of What Was Distinguished As The Slave Coast ; It Lies Between The Gold Coast And Dahomey And Extends From ° 14' E. To ° 38' E. Annexed To Germany In 1884, ...
Tokyo
Tokyo, The Capital Of The Empire Of Japan, Situated In 35° N. And 139° 45' E., At The Head Of The Bay Of The Same Name On The South-east Coast Of The Main Island. In Old Times The City Was Called Yedo. The City Stands On The Banks Of The ...
Toledo
Toledo, The Capital Of The Spanish Province Of Toledo And Formerly Of The Whole Kingdom, 47 M. By Rail S.s.w. Of Madrid, On The River Tagus, 2,400 Ft. Above Sea-level. Pop. (1930) Toledo Is Of Immemorial Antiquity; It Was A Stronghold Of The Carpetani And May Have Been A Carthaginian ...
Toledo_2
Toledo, A City Of North-western Ohio, U.s.a., A Port Of Entry And The County Seat Of Lucas County; On Maumee Bay (the South-western Tip Of Lake Erie) At The Mouth Of The Maumee River. It Is On Federal Highways 20, 23, 24, 25 And 127; Has A Municipal Airport Of ...