UNGAVA, the northern portion of the Province of Quebec, bounded by Hudson bay on the west ; Hudson strait and Ungava bay on the north; and the coast strip of Labrador belonging to Newfoundland on the east. The area is estimated at more than 300,00o sq.m. and includes much of the lower portion of Labra dor, with a rim of recent marine deposits along its western coast, but the interior has the usual character of low rocky hills of Archean rocks, especially granite and gneiss, with a long band of little disturbed iron-bearing rocks, resembling the Animikie, or Upper Huronian of the Lake Superior region, near its eastern side. Along Hudson bay shore there is a strip of similar rocks, and a long row of small islands of the same age, with great sheets of trap or diabase forming the tops of the hills. Ungava, like the rest of Labrador, has risen several hundred feet since the Ice age, marine beaches being found up to 700 ft. on the Hudson bay side; and it is interesting to find seals like those of the adjoining sea coasts in the Seal lakes i oo m. inland and Boo ft. above the present sea-level. Owing to its northerly position a large part of Ungava is treeless, and belongs to the barren grounds where caribou roam and feed on the so-called caribou moss, a greyish lichen.
UNGER, FRANZ (1800-187o), Austrian physician and botanist, was born at Amthof in Steiermark on Nov. 3o, 1800. He
studied medicine in Graz, Vienna and Prague. He practiced in Stockerau and Kitzhilbel and in 1833 became professor of botany at the University of Graz. In 1849 he went to Vienna to occupy the chair of plant physiology. In 1866 he retired to live in the country near Graz where he died on Feb. 13, 187o. Unger made many contributions to the understanding of plant anatomy and physiology, and was also much interested in plant palaeontology. He contributed numerous articles to such scientific reviews as Neues Jahrbuch Miner., Steiermark Nat., Ver. Mitth., etc. His more important published works were Die Exantheme der Pflanzen (1833); Ueber den Einfluss des Waldbodens auf die Verteilung der Gewiichse (1836); Ueber der Bau und das Waclisturn des Dikotyledonenstammes (1840); Ueber Kristallbildungen in den Pflanzenzellen (1840) ; Anatomie und Physiologie der Pflanzen (1855) ; Synopsis plantarum fossilium (1845) ; Chloris protogaea, Beitrdge zur Flora der Vorwelt (1841-47) ; Inconographia plant arum fossilium (1852); Sylloge plantarum fossilium (186o) ; Die Urwelt (1851) ; V ersuch einer Geschichte der Pflanzenwelt (1852) ; Geologie der Europiiischen Waldbaumen (187o) ; Botanische Streifziige auf den Gebiet der Kulturgeschichte (1857-67).