CHAPEL, is also a building adjoined to a church, as a part thereof, having only a desk, &c. to read prayers in, and, in the nomish churches, an altar, &c. to celebrate mass on ; hut without any baptistry or font.
The eighteen chapels on the sides of King's College chapel, Cambridge, are firmed between the buttresses; most of them were originally provided with altars : those on the south side of this magnificent building, are appropriated to the college library.
Previous to the Reformation, nearly all castles, palaces, man sions. and religious establishments, were provided with private chapels. These were either detached buildings, or portions of the entire edifice constructed and set apart for sacred purposes.
('liArEt, also denotes the deep recesses made in the walls of ancient edifices, and is of a similar signification to what is otherwise called exhedrm, by Vitruvius; thus the Roman Pantheon has seven chapels in its circumference, the entry corresponding to what otherwise might have been the eighth ; and the sides of the courts of the great temple at Balbee are full of chapels, or el-halt-cc. Those of the rectangular
court of this temple, and those of the Pantheon, are alternated with circular and rectangular plans, and most elegantly decorated with columns in the front towards the interior. The semicircular recess at the end of the basilica, and at the end of our most ancient churches, is often denominated chapel. Smaller recesses in ancient edifices, for containing statues, are denominated shrines, or niches.
CITAP1TEll, the same as CAPITAL, which see.
ClIAPITERS \CUM MOULDINGS, are those without foliage. or other ornaments. as the Tuscan and Doric capitals.