CIIEVET (French), the eastern end of a church, when of a circular or polygonal form : equivalent to APSTS, which see.
Cl] EVAON-\VUI K, a zig-zag ornament, somtimes called the dancette, usual in the archivolts of Saxon and Norman arches. The outline of chevron-work is a conjunction of right lines, of equal lengths, alternately disposed, so as to form exterior and interior angles, with the exterior angles equal to the interior ones ; and all the angular points in the same straight line, or in the same curve line, when they are the ornaments of arches.
The lines of chevron-work are similar to what is demo minated indented lines in heraldry, and not unlike the inden tations or teeth of a joiner's hand-saw; the only difThrence being the greater inclination of the teeth on one side than on the other ; but in chevron-work, they are equally inclined to the line passing through the angular points.
(from the French, ehemii4e, derived from the Latin, cautious, borrowed from the Greek, Kaptvog, a chimney, from maw, I burn), that part of a building wherein the fire is oontained, and through which the smoke passes away.
The chimney generally consists of an opening in, and through a wall, upwards, beginning at the floor on one side of an apartment, and ascending within the thickness of the wall, till it comes in contact with the atmosphere, above the roof' of the building.
The parts of the chimney, and of the wall in which it is inserted, are denominated as follows: The opening, facing the room, being the place where the fire is pat, is termed the The stone, marble, or plate, under the fire-place, is calico the hearth.
That on the same level, before the is called the slab.
The vertical sides of the opening, at the extremities of the hearth, forming also a part of the face of the wall of the apartment, are called janths.
The head of the fire-place, resting at its extremities on the jambs, presenting one face vertical in the surface of the wall. and another towards the hearth, is called the mantel.
The whole hollow, from the fire-place, to the top of the wall, is denominated the flinnel.
That part of the funnel which continually contracts, or diminishes in its horizontal dimensions, as it ascends, is termed the gathering, or by some, the gathering ry' the wings.
The long narrow prismatic tube, over the gathering, or that part of the tunnel which has its horizontal dimensions the same throughout the altitude of the chimney, is called the That part between the gathering and flue, is denominated the throat.
That part of the wall which faces the apartment, and forms the side of the funnel parallel thereto, or that part of the wall which forms the sides of the funnels of several fire places, is called the breast.
In an outside wall, the side of the funnel opposite the breast, is called the back.
When there are two or more chimneys in the same wall, the divisions between them, or the. solid parts of brick, stone, or metal, are called milks. A gable, partition, or party-wall, containing a collection of chimneys, is termed a stack of chimneys.
The turret above the roof, for discharging the smoke into the air, of one, two, or a collection of chimneys, is called the ; and the horizontal surface, or the upper part of the said shaft, the When the parallel sides of the jambs are faced with stone, marble, or metal, so as to form four obtuse angles, viz., two internally with the back, and two externally with the breast or side of the apartment, the horizontal dimension of the outside of the fireplace of greater extension than that of the back, the facings are called eovings.
In stone walls of ordinary buildings, the most common dimensions for• the sections of' the flues of sitting-rooms are from twelve to fourteen inches square, and for the brick work, nine by fourteen inches. The section of the flue must, however, he proportioned to the section of the fire, which, when found necessary to vary from ordinary eases, should be equal to the said horizontal section of the fire, or nearly so.