Pivoted Casement Windows

PIVOTED CASEMENT WINDOWS. A pivoted casement window in a 16-inch brick wall is pre sented in Fig. 104. The sash is pivoted on a horizontal axis. Pivoted casements should not be used in locations exposed to severe driving rainstorms, as it is practically impossible to make them weatherproof, especially at the pivots. Vertically pivoted casements do not of fer so great a resistance to storms and cold as do the horizontally pivoted casements.

The frame is cut out of stock, moulded, and tongued for inside head and jamb linings. The masonry opening is constructed with straight jambs, and the frame is secured in place by means of lugs on the jamb of the frame, which are built into the masonry as the walls are carried up. The section through the jamb is similar to the section through the head of the window. The lug which is indicated there by the dotted lines occurs only on the jambs and not on the head, and is only shown in the top part of the figure to indicate wherein the head and jamb sections differ.

This section at the top (Fig. 104) shows the head lining tongued into the rough frame, and a cover-mould in the angle of head lining and frame. The furring on the inside of the wall is of 1 by 2-inch strips placed 16 inches on centers for the wood lath, or 12 inches on centers for ex panded metal or galvanized wire lath. Grounds G are set wherever required for a nailing for the interior wood finish or as a gauge for plastering. The trim is moulded and hollow-backed, and has a back-band and a small wall-mould. This wall mould follows across top of base and across top and bottom of chair rails where such occur.

The masonry opening is spanned on the ex terior by a stone lintel, and back of this a timber lintel. A brick relieving rowlock arch is turned over the timber lintel, one rowlock being pro Fig. 104. Pivoted Casement Window.

vided for every 18 inches in the width of the opening, but at least two rowlocks being pro vided for all openings.

In the middle portion of Fig. 104 is illustrated a vertical section taken through the window at the axis of the sash; it shows the window closed, by the solid lines; and open, by the broken or dotted lines. The outside and inside stop beads, marked C and D, are cut at an angle of 45 de grees at A and B; and half of each stop bead is fastened on the frame, and the other half on the sash, as indicated by the clotted lines which show the sash open.

The projecting part of the jamb of the frame between the two stop beads X is cut away be tween the horizontal dotted lines, shown a little above A and a little below B, to allow the sash to turn.

At the bottom in Fig. 104 is shown a vertical section taken through the sill of the window; it shows the joint of sash and sill rebated. The stone sill is cut with a wash, has stools at either end, and extends under the wood sill two inches. The inside is finished with a stool and a moulded panel-back. The furring, lathing, and plaster ing are carried in back of the panel. The trim extends to the floor, finishing on moulded stools.

A pivoted window in a sixteen-inch brick wall is illustrated in Fig. 105. The sash is center pivoted at top and bottom, and set in a rebated frame two and a-quarter inches thick.

The masonry opening is spanned on top with a flat stone arch, the key of which projects be yond the face of the wall. Back of this arch, a steel lintel consisting of two 3 by 4-inch angles is provided to support the masonry. The inside of the wall is furred with two-inch ribbed full porous terra-cotta blocks, to which the plaster ing is applied. Grounds G for the wood finish are nailed to this furring, which, being full porous, readily receives and holds a driven wire or cut steel nail.

The joint of the wood frame and the masonry is covered with a moulded staff bead. The in side head and jambs are lined with seven eighths inch material tongued into the frame.

Small wood moulds cover the joints between the sash and the frame, both on the outside and the inside, so as to make it weather-tight, form ing a rebate, as shown. As part of the sash opens outward, and the other half into the room, these moulds are fastened to the frame in some places, and to the sash in other places.

At the head, the mould on the outside of the window has half its length fastened to the left side of the sash, as at the dotted lines A; and the other half is fastened to the frame. With the in side mould at the top of the window, the reverse is the case, the mould having half its length fast ened to the right side of the sash. This is also the case with the inside mould at the bottom of the window, except that this mould is cut as at B, and then slit horizontally as indicated by the dotted lines at C.

The projecting member of the frame at D is cut away on the dotted line for the distance in dicated by F, so that the ends of the mouldings Pig. 105. Pivoted Casement Window.

which are fastened on the head of the sash and project above it will clear the frame at this point. In Fig. 105, the upper portion is a vertical section, showing the construction at the head of the window. The middle part is a horizontal section through the window, and shows the posi tion of the sash when opened and when closed. The lower part is a vertical section, showing the construction at the sill of the window. A drip mould is let into the lower rail of the sash to keep water away from the joint at the sill; and, to take care of any water which may pass this obstruc tion, an undercut is made in the bottom of the sash over a channel cut in the sill. This catches any water which may beat in; and reamed holes at intervals convey the water from the channel to the sill, as indicated by the dotted lines and the arrow. The inside stool of the window re ceives the trim, is moulded on the edge, and is tongued into the sill. Under this stool an apron is provided.

The stone sill is cut with a wash, has lugs at either end, and extends under the wood sill two inches. The joint between the wood sill and the masonry should be well filled with mortar.