Arches And Lintels For
Arches And Lintels For Fireproof Work. The Consideration Of Relieving Arches—or, As They Are Often Termed, Discharging Arches—over A Wooden Lintel, Naturally Brings Up A Very Im Portant Question. In These Days Of Fireproof Construction, When Wood Is Being Eliminated From The Structural Parts Of Buildings Wherever Possible, Wooden Lintels ...
Barns
Barns With The Scarcity Of Heavy Timbers And Con Sequent Cost, It Is Time Carpenters Who Are To Erect Barns Should Give Some Study To The Newer Methods Of Framing, Where Timber Is From 6 To 12 Inches Wide, And None Thicker Than 2 Inches. The Use Of Modern Hay ...
Casement Bay Window Construction
Casement Bay Window Construction. Fig. 103 Shows A Bay Window In A Stone Wall, With Sashes Of The Inward-opening Casement Type. The Bay Window Is Entirely Within The Thickness Of The Wall, As Shown In The Plan. The Wall Is Constructed Of Random-coursed, Roughly Squared Local Stone, With Cut Quarry ...
Casement Window Construction
Casement Window Construction. Fig. 93 Shows The Construction Of An Inward-opening Casement; Also The Manner Of Making And Applying Stucco To The Exterior Surfaces Of Frame Walls. The Only Serious Objection To The Use Of Case Ment Windows In General, Is That It Is Very Diffi Cult To Make Them ...
Cement Plaster Houses
Cement Plaster Houses Relative Cost And Desirability. Cement Siding Has Grown Wonderfully Popular In Very Recent Years. The Artistic Effects Which Its Use Makes Possible Have Had Much To Do With Its Ready Reception By Builders, And Owners. It Furnishes The Added Advantage Of Being Fireproof. When Properly Applied, It ...
Cement Plaster How To Mix
Cement Plaster-how To Mix And Apply. Many Manufacturers Of Cements Provide Direc Tions For The Proper Proportioning Of Their Ma Terials. It Is Taken For Granted That Their Directions Are The Results Of Experiments And Observations With Their Products, And They Should Therefore Be Considered Reliable. The Following, From The ...
Concrete Stable Floors
Concrete Stable Floors. For The Basement Story Of Modern Barns Where The Horses And Cows Are Usually Stabled, Concrete Has Been Adopted Quite Generally For The Flooring. This Is Either Left Bare, Or Is Covered With Plank. For A Floor Built On Sandy Soil, No Drainage Or Foundation Is Necessary. ...
Constructing A Circular Porch
Constructing A Circular Porch Fig. 41 Shows A Method Largely Used For A Number Of Years, Which Is Probably As Good As Any Other. The Central Part Of The Illustration Shows The Framework Of The Floor-joists, With A Portion Of The Flooring In Position. There Should Be Supports At C, ...
Constructing A Cupboard
Constructing A Cupboard Fig. 47 Is A Sketch Of A Cupboard. It Makes A Very Complete Fixture For The Kitchen, And Is Easily Made. The Flour Bin Is Hung The Same As A Door, And Swings Outward As Shown By The Dotted Lines In The Plan. It Is Quarter-circle In ...
Cornice Construction
Cornice Construction A Good Form Of Cornice That Is Very Popular, Especially For Cottages, Is Shown In Detail In Fig. 18. It Is What Is Known As A Boxed Cornice. It Represents A Very Easy Method Of Construct Ing Cornice And Gutter Where The Bottom Of The Roof Is Concaved. ...
Door Framing
Door Framing Setting Door Jambs. In Building Construc Tion, One Thing That Deserves More Attention Than It Usually Gets Is Setting Door Jambs, And The Fitting And Hanging Of Doors. You Have Often Noticed That Doors Do Not Shut Securely As They Should; That Is, They Stand In Or Out ...
Frame Houses
Frame Houses Framing Complete From Foundation To Roof Taking Up The Subject Of House Framing, It Is To Be Noted At The Outset, That Certain Very Important Work Must Be Done Before Anything Like A Stable, Permanent Structure Can Be Erected. The Plan Must Be Laid Out, Building Lines Determined ...
Framing
Framing The Subject Of Framing, Taken In Its Broadest Sense, Includes Pretty Nearly The Entire Struc Tural Field. By One Of The Most Common Uses Of The Term, Whenever Two Members Are Joined Or Fastened Together They Are Said To Be Framed Together. More Especially, This Applies To The Heavy ...
Framing For Cement Plaster
Framing For Cement Plaster Houses. The Construction Of The Frame For A Cement Exterior Differs But Slightly From That For Wood Siding. Usually The Sheathing Is Put On The Outside Of The Studs (see Fig. 90). Upon This Is Tacked Tar Building Paper. The Furring Comes Next. The Strips Are ...
Framing For Heavy Roofing Tile
Framing For Heavy Roofing-tile. There Are Some Special Features That Should Be Noted In Regard To The Proper Framing Of A Tile Roof And Its Preparation To Receive Roofing Tile. Rafters Should Be At Least 2 Inches By 6 Inches, And 24 Inches On Centers, Or Closer According To Length ...
Framing For Roof Dormers
Framing For Roof Dormers. Fig. 59 Repre Sents The Plan And The Corresponding Elevation Of The Valleys In A Roof Dormer Or Gable. For Ex Ample, 14 Feet Is Taken For The Run Of The Main Roof, And 8 Feet For That Of The Gable. The Roof Of The Main ...
Framing For Slate Roofs
Framing For Slate Roofs. It Is The Prevail Ing Opinion Of People Not Familiar With The Use Of Slate For Roofing Purposes, That A Building Should Be Constructed Very Much Stronger For Slate Than For Other Roofing Materials. This Is A Mistake, As Any Building Strong Enough For Shingles, Tin, ...
Framing For Veneer And
Framing For Veneer And Masonry Houses Various Types Of Masonry Veneer Construc Tion Have Frequently Been Employed In Many Parts Of The Country, Especially In The East, And Have Gained Much Popularity. Brick Veneer Has Been Most Used, Though Of Late Years Concrete Blocks And Tile Have Come Into Use ...
Framing For Windows
Framing For Windows One Of The Most Important Parts Of House Framing Is The Construction Connected With The Window Openings. This Is A Comparatively Simple Matter, Yet It Should Be Done With Care To Insure Against Leaks. One Of The Best Ways Fig. 22. Simple Window Construction. To Frame To ...
Framing For A Fireplace
Framing For A Fireplace In Fig. 46, Two Flues Are Shown, One To Extend To The Basement Floor, And They Are For Use Of Stoves In Adjoining Rooms. When Thimbles Are Put In To Make Connection With Adjoining Rooms, The Brickwork Should Be Corbeled Out To The Full Thickness Of ...
Heavy Timber Barns
Heavy Timber Barns General Framing Plan. Fig. 120 Shows The General Plan Of A Barn Frame Of A Building 38 By 64 Feet, With 16-foot Main Posts, Gambrel Roof, Basement, And Double Driveway Floors. It Is Typical Heavy Timber Construction, With Boxed Mortise-and-tenon Joints. One Point Worthy Of Note For ...
House Framing
House Framing After This Preliminary Work Has Been Done And The Foundation Walls Erected, The Real Work Of Framing For The Carpenter Begins. There Are In General Use At The Present Time Two Dis Tinct Types Of Framing, Known Respectively As Braced Framing And Balloon Framing. The First Is The ...
How To Apply The
How To Apply The Wood Trim. There Are A Number Of Features In Connection With Modern Fireproof Construction That Are Of Particular Interest To Carpenters, Especially To Those Work Ing In The Larger Cities Where Steel, Tile, And Cement Are Now So Generally Used. A Question Very Frequently Heard Is—how ...
How To Make Barn
How To Make Barn Doors. Large-size Barn Doors That Are Strong And Rigid, Yet Do Not Take Up Too Much Room In Thick Ness, Are The Kind Most Wanted. Fig. 140 Shows Two Sectional Drawings With Elevations Suitable For Barn Doors. The First Is Made Of Three Thicknesses Of Boards ...
How To Roof A
How To Roof A Circular Bay. The Trouble That One Carpenter Had With Such A Job Work Ing "by Rule O' Thmnb" Is Well Illustrated In The Following Letter. "i Executed A Piece Of Work Last Week Which Acci Dentally Proved Satisfactory To The Contractor I Am Work Ing For, ...
Inward Opening Casement Windows
Inward-opening Casement Windows. Fig. 99 Shows A Very Successful Method Of Construct Ing An Inward-opening Casement So That It Will Be Proof Against Wind And Rain. The Jamb Of The Frame Is Set In A Rebate In The Masonry Wall, And Has A Semicircular Groove Cut In Its Outer Edge ...
Lath Furring Strips
Furring Strips, Lath, And Plaster. The Inside Of The Wall Is Furred With One By Two-inch Strips Placed Sixteen Inches On Centers To Receive The Wood Lath. Where Expanded Metal Lath Or Galvanized Wire Lath Is Employed, The Furring Strips Should Be Set Not Over Twelve Inches On Centers. The ...
Light Truss For 100 Foot
Light Truss For 100-foot Span. In Design Ing Trusses Of Wide Span Such As Those Used To Support Temporary Roofs Of Light Construction, The Same Principle Of Triangulation Is Carried Out As For Very Small Trusses. Carpenters Some Times Overlook This; And, In Their Amazement At The Width Of Span, ...
Open String Stairs
Open-string Stairs. Now Taking Up The Stair Which Has One Side Open—that Is, The String Farthest From The Wall, Which Is The Face String— Fig. 77 Shows A Plan And Side Elevation Of Such A String. The Treads And Risers Are Housed The Same As In The Other Stair, But ...
Pivoted Casement Windows
Pivoted Casement Windows. A Pivoted Casement Window In A 16-inch Brick Wall Is Pre Sented In Fig. 104. The Sash Is Pivoted On A Horizontal Axis. Pivoted Casements Should Not Be Used In Locations Exposed To Severe Driving Rainstorms, As It Is Practically Impossible To Make Them Weatherproof, Especially At ...
Reinforced Concrete Stairs
Reinforced Concrete Stairs. Concrete For Stairs Is Rapidly Taking The Place Of Other Ma Terials In Buildings Of Every Kind. A Few Simple Instructions As To The Stair Load And Some Remarks Concerning The Weak Points Of Stairs Built Several Years Ago, Together With A Descrip Tion Of The Reinforced ...
Roof Framing Simplified
Roof Framing Simplified The Details Of Roof Construction Are Com Paratively Simple, And Are Pretty Generally Understood. It Is In The Laying Out Of The Dif Ferent Members, Finding Their Proper Lengths And Cuts, That The Difficulties Of Roof Framing Arise. Owing To The Many Different Styles And Pitches Of ...
Screen Framing For Casement
Framing For Casement, Screen, And Blind. Fig. 100 Shows The Construction Of An Inward Opening Casement Window In A Brick Wall, With Insect Screens Placed Outside Of The Sashes, And With Blinds Placed Outside Of The Insect Screens. It Is Also Arranged So That When The Screens Are Removed In ...
Short Cuts In Stair
Short Cuts In Stair Work. Short Cuts And Simple Methods Of Laying Out Work Are Always Interesting And Valuable. Here Is A Method For Laying Out Strings For A Plain, Straight Flight Of Stairs. The Sketch, Fig. 86, Shows How To Get The Lengths And Cuts—that Is, By Using The ...
Simple Roof Trusses
Simple Roof Trusses. A Simple Structure Which Is Sometimes Misunderstood Is A Common King-post Roof Truss, Such As Is Shown At A In Fig. 171. If Two Rafters Are Placed As At B, They Will, Fig. 171. Simple Roof Trusses. Of Course, Tend To Spread At The Bottom And Push ...
Stair Building Simplified
Stair Building Simplified. Rules For Proportioning. Until About The Time Of Queen Elizabeth, The Staircase, Now So Important A Feature In All Houses, Was Of Small Note. Previously, Stairs Were Built In Every Case On A Circular Plan, Revolving Around A Central Axis Or Newel. These Were Known As Turret ...
Standard Mill Construction
Standard Mill Construction The Succession Of Heavy Fire Losses Each Year Is The Penalty Which This Country Is Paying For The Erection Of Light, Cheap, And Poorly Designed Buildings. The Cost Of Fire Insurance Is A Direct Yearly Tax On The Building And Its Occupants. It Is The Duty Of ...
Strength Of Projecting Veranda
Strength Of Projecting Veranda. To The Craftsman Who Is Desirous Of Adding A Little Theory To His Practical Knowledge, There Is Nothing, Perhaps, So Repellant As The Apparently Difficult Arithmetical Formulas With Which He Is Confronted In The Pages Of Many Of His Trade Books. The Writer's Success In Making ...
Strength Of Timbers
Strength Of Timbers. Strength Of Beams Supported At Both Ends. "will You Decide A Little Argument Which My Mate And I Have Been Having?" Said A Carpenter Friend Of Mine As He And His Mate Came Into The Office The Other Morning. "we Want To Know Which Is The Stronger ...
Strong Purlin Post Bracing
Strong Purlin Post Bracing. Fig. 124 Shows A Method Of Framing The Center Bents Of A Barn, Fig. 124. Center Bent, Showing Purlin Post Bracing. Which Is Especially Adapted To Barns Having Flat Roofs And Equipped With Hay Carriers. A Very Strong Bond Is Needed In Such Barns Between The ...
Support For Gambrel Roof
Support For Gambrel Roof. To Support A Gambrel Roof On A Barn 36 Feet Wide, Having Posts 20 Feet High, The Floor Being 11 Feet Below The Plate, Requires Extra Strong Bracing. A Con Struction Using 6-inch Studding Set On 24-inch Fig. 137. Arrangement Of Dairy Barn. Centers, And Braced ...
Tile Veneer For Frame
Tile Veneer For Frame Buildings. As Modern Buildings Supersede The Old-style Frame Buildings, It Often Becomes A Question How To Remodel Them. An Effort To Imitate The New Is Seldom Successful; But If The Old Buildings Are Improved In Their Own Way, The Results May Be Very Good. Designs Of ...
To Camber A Truss
To Camber A Truss. Fig. 181 Is A Truss, Specification For Which Says "frame It So It Will Have 2-inch Camber When Tightened Up." Now, The Question Is, How To Get The Proper Location Of The Holes For The Rods, Also The Lengths Of Each Stick Of Timber. The Method ...
To Determine Depth Of
To Determine Depth Of Beam To Support A Given Load. There Has Just Been Given The Method Of Finding The Breadth Of A Beam When The Depth Was Already Fixed, The Length (span) And Load Being Also Known. The Case Worked Out Is Only One Of Numerous Instances In Which ...
To Determine Width Of
To Determine Width Of Beam To Support A Given Load. "well, How Are You Getting Along With Your Calculations Of The Strength Of Tim Ber'?" Was The Writer's Greeting As His Two Craftsmen Friends And Pupils Came Into The Office Again One Day Recently. "oh! We Are Doing Pretty Well, ...
Truss Construction
Truss Construction. The Principle Of A Truss Is Theoretically A Num Ber Of Straight Bars Joined Near Their Ends By Flexible Joints, And Arranged So That All Their Internal Stresses Are Sustained By Its Members, And Only The Vertical Pressures (the Weights Of The Truss And Its Load) Are Transmitted ...
Trusses For Flat Roof
Trusses For Flat Roof. A Carpenter Recently Had A Typical Flat-roof Store Building To Erect. Fig. 176. Cheap Lattice Truss. It Was To Be 44 Feet Wide And 100 Feet Long, The Roof To Slope From Front To Rear And To Be Cov Ered With Gravel Roofing. The Building Was ...
Types Of Stair Construction
Types Of Stair Construction. Taking Up The Various Details Of Construc Tion, The Housed String Stair, One Of The Simplest And At The Same Time An Important Type, Pre Sents Itself. This Class Of Stairs May Be Divided Into Two Kinds—first, Where The Stair Is Between Walls (that Is, Where ...
Value Of Sub Floors
Value Of Sub-floors As Far As Warmth Is Concerned, There May Not Be Any Necessity For The Double Floor For Houses In Warm Countries. There Are Other Rea Sons For Double Floors Besides The Heat And Cold Question. The Rough Floor Is A Great Con Venience To Work On During ...
Various Stair Arrangements
Various Stair Arrangements. There Are Many Ways Of Building Stairs; What May Be Suit Able In One Place, May Not Be In Another. What Ever Style Is Wanted, However, Should Be Care Fully Laid Out, So That No Part Will Be Stuffy Or Crowded. Fig. 81 Shows A Very Pretty ...
Ventilating A Barn
Ventilating A Barn. Systems Of Ventilation Are In Demand For Large Barns, Without Putting On The Common Roof Ventilators, Which Are Often A Nuisance On Account Of The Sparrows And Insects. This Nuisance May Be Almost Entirely Avoided By Screening The Openings Of The Ven Tilator Just The Same As ...
Window Framing In Masonry Walls
Window-framing In Masonry Walls. How Window-frames Are Set, And The Woodwork Finish Attached In Masonry Walls, Is Well Illustrated In' Fig. 96. It Shows A Casement Window Open Ing Outward In A Thirteen-inch Brick Wall. This Type Of Construction Is About The Cheapest That Can Well Be Employed, Excepting Of ...
Wood Framing For Concrete Block
Wood Framing For Concrete-block Houses. Since The Advent Of Concrete Building Blocks For House Construction, Numerous Points Have Arisen Concerning The Proper Methods Of Framing To Be Used With Them. How To Arrange The Window-frames With Pockets For Weights For A Dwelling House Built With An Eight-inch Wall, Is One ...