VINEYARD. The cultivation of vineyards has always occupied the attention of man from the earliest ages, and the grape has become one of the most celebrated fruits in history both from its product in vvine, and from the value of its fruit in a sanitary point of view and as a dessert fruit. In the article Grape, we have given space to the cultivation of the grape with special reference to the value of the fruit as a market crop. In the article Wine, the manufacture of the juice is treated of. The home vineyard may be managed in the most simple manner. The commercial V ineyard must be managed with scientific accuracy, to prevent loss in cultiva tion, pruning, gather ing and marketing. In the home vineyard there can not be much choice of location. It must be near the house, for ex peditious use, or the thought of a vineyard must be abandoned. In a commercial vineyard a site must be selected that will present the best conditions of soil, exposure, and facilities for marketing. At the home vineyard, the training and pruning may be pretty much to suit the whim of the cultivator. The trellis for particu lar reasons, being generally adopted, notwith standing it has been time and again demonstrated that the simple system of training to poles is not only cheapest but also the best, though it must be confessed that if sufficient care be exercised, great crops may be grown either in the commer cial or home vineyard upon trellises. The cut given will show the manner of training. In this article it will not again be necessary to go into the systems of cultivation. There are works extant that would fill a larcre library upon grape culture, and manuals devotied to each separate branch of the business and also to the cultivation of special varieties. We shall, therefore, content ourselves, here, with a view, taken from United States statistics, showing the status of grape cul ture in the several States of the Union, embrae ing varieties popular as table fruit; wine grapes; varieties principally grown; those giving the heaviest must on the sugar scale; varieties most subject to rot; effect of shelter to prevent mildew; effect of soil in reference to rot in berry ; soils chemically considered most favorable to health and perfection of fruit; effect of drainage, etc.
To prevent confusion and as a means of separat ing the titles, they are presented in the form of questions and answers; varieties named being in order according to their estimated value: What varieties are most popular as table fruit ? Arkan aas: Catawba, Delaware. Connecticut: Concord, Dela ware. Delaware: Concord. Ueo gia: Herbetnotit, Scup pernong. 111 uois: Concord, Delaware, Catawba, lona, Hartford Pt olific, Isabella, Diana. Indiana: Concot d, Catawba, Delaware, Hartford Prolific, Isabella, Diana. Iowa: Concord. Delaware, Hartford Prolific, Clinton, Creveling. Kentucky: Concord. Ives, Delaware. Kaneas: Delaware. Missouri: Concord, Catawba. Delaware, Hart ford Prolific, Isabella. Diana, Iona. Minnesota: Dela ware. Michigan: Concord, Delaware. Massachusetts: Concord, Delaware. N ewJeraey: Concord, Isabella, Del aware. North Ca olina: Scuppernoog, Catawba. New York: Delaware, lona, Ca tawba, It. abella, Concord, Salem, Diana, Adirondac, Hartford Prolific, Rebecca, Maxatawny. (Mitt: Con cord, Catawba, Delaware, Isabella, lona, Roger it _ _ No. 15. Pennsylvania: Concord, Isabella, Catawba, lona, Hartford Prolific, Diana, Israella. South Carolina: Scuppernong, Catawba, Isabella, Lenoir. Tenneaaee: Catawba, Isabella, Concord.
What varieties are in highest repute as wine grapes? Coon ecticut : Delaware, Concord. Georgia: Scuppernong. Illinois: Concord, Norton's Virginia, Catawba, Clinton, Delaware, I s es, lona, llartford Prolific Herbentont. In diana: Catawba, Delaware, lves, Concord, Norton'a Vir ginia, Isabella, lona, Clintou. lowit: Concord, De.aware, Clinton, Catawba, Norton's Virginia, Rogera'a No, 4. Kentucky: Catawba, (in old vineyards ) Ivee, Delaware. Kansas: Delaw.re. Misv.ottri: Norion's Virginia, Con cord Catawba, Delaware. Herbemoot, Clinton, lves. Min nenota : Concord. Michigan : Delawai e, Concord. Mas sachusetts: Concord, Delaware. N ew Jersey: Delaware, ClIni on. North Carolina: Scuppernong. New York: Delaware, Iona, Catawba, Isabella, Concord, Clinton, Oporto. Ohio: Catawba, Delaware, Concord, Ives, N or ton'a Virginia. Clinton. Pennsylvania: Catawba, Dela ware, Isabella, Concord, Clinton, 'Ives. South Carolina: Scuppernong, Clinton. Wisconsin: Isabella, Catawba.