PHILIPPUS I., fhil-ii9-13us, son of Argwus, whom he succeeded as king of Macedonia, 64o B.C. 2. PH1LIPPUS IL, fourth son of King Amyntas II., of Macedonia, and Eurydice, born 382 B.C., was carried by Pelopidas as a hostage to Thebes, where lie learned the art of war under Epaminondas. On the death of his brother Perdiccas III., $59, Philip became king of Macedonia, usurping the throne from his infant nephew Amyntas. After having organized his army and kingdom, he assailed the Greek cities on the Macedonian coast ; Philip then, at the request of the Amphic tyons, punished the Phocians, and received their place in the council. He obtained suc cesses in Illyricum and Thessaly, and acted the part of protector of the Peloponnesian states against the encroachments of Sparta, but he was repulsed by Phocion from Eubma, and when, to support the Amphictyons, he marched against Amphissa, the Athenians, now aroused, allied with the Thebans, and met him at Chmronea, where Philip, by defeat ing their united forces, virtually subjugated Greece, znd Aug., 338 ; he was then nominated general of Greece to conduct the war resolved on against Persia at a general assembly at Corinth, but in the midst of his preparations was, when entering the theatre at the nuptials of his daughter Cleopatra with Alexander of Epirus, stabbed by a noble youth, Pausanias, in revenge for his having refused to punish a courtier who had grossly abused him, and, according to some, at the instigation of the deserted queen, Olympias, the daughter of King Neoptolemus, of the Molossi, 336. He was succeeded by his son Alexander the Great, whose education he had intrusted to the philosopher Aristotle. Philip was perse
vering, brave, and eloquent, but crafty, and disgraced himself by debauchery and un natural crimes. 3. PHILIPPUS III. (see ARI D/HUS). 4. PHILIPPUS IV., eldest son and successor of Cassander, reigned for a few months only, 296 B.C. 5. PHILIPPUS V., son of King Demetrius II., born 237 B.C., succeeded his uncle Antigenus III.,Doson, zzo ; supported the Achman general Aratus against the /Etolians, but afterwards poisoned him, 213. He allied with Hannibal, and warred with the Romans, 235, but he was obliged to sue for peace, 2o5 ; he resumed the war, 200, but was defeated at Cnosce'phalm, 297, and compelled to accept a humiliating peace. On the false accusations of his son Perseus, he caused the death of his elder son, Demetrius, who had, when a hostage at Rome, acquired the favour of the Senate. On discovering the perfidy of Perseus, he died of remorse at his own rash ness and credulity. Philip was charac terized by the same virtues, ambition, and vices as (2). He was succeeded by Perseus, but had intended to leave the throne to his son Antiganus. 6. Or PseddriplziliAtus, a man who pretended to be the son of Perseus (2), and claimed the throne of Macedonia. 7. M. J., Roman emperor A.D. slain, at Verona, with his son of the same name, whom he had associated with him on the throne. 8. L. alisamus, mar-ci-us, an orator, when consul, 91 vigorously opposed the tribune Drusus. 9.- L. MARCILTE, son of was consul 56 B.c., and became stepfat er of Augustus by his marriage with Atia.