PUTEOLI, a noted port of Cam pania, east of Cumm, was founded under the name Dlerear'chla, by a Greek colony from Cumm, 521 B.C., and subsequently named Puteoli, either from the great number of mine ral wells in its neighbourhood, or from the stench of the waters. It was colonized by the Romans, 194, and became the great centre of the trade with Egypt and Spain ; and its fine harbour was still further protected, under Cali gula, by a mole, connected by a floating bridge with Balm, the favourite Roman watering-place, on the opposite side of the bay. The whole coast between Puteoli and Baim was studded with the villas of Roman nobles, and in its vicinity Cicero's country-house, FfinscIanion, was situated. Its bay, extending from the promontory Minervee to the promontory Mi senum, was called the SINUS PUTEOLANUS, (originally Cfinzei'nus).
PUTICUL/E, a place near the Esquiline gate at Rome, where the poorest were buried.
PYDNA, (or, in Roman times, Cit rum), a town of Pieria, in Macedonia, west of the Thermaic gulf. Under its walls the last king, Perseus, of Macedonia, was conquered by /Emilius Paulus, 168 a.c.
PYGM/EI, the Pygmies, a fabu lous race of dwarfs, whose height was only a srirjse (x3i inches). They lived on the shores of the Ocean, or, according to later writers, in /Ethiopia, or India, or the extreme north. These Lilliputians, mounted on goats and lambs of proportionable stature to themselves, warred with cranes, which every spring came to plunder them. They were originally go verned by a princess, Gerfina, who was changed into a crane for boasting of her beauty as supe rior to that of Juno.