SCIPIO (-onis), ser'-if-a, a celebrated family of the Cornelia gens, named from its founder having conducted his blind father, and served as a staff to him, produced many of the highest magistrates, of whom the most illustrious were —x. P. CORNELIUS, cor-neLli-us, Master of the Horse to Camillus, 396 Ise., and consular tribune 2. L. CORNELIUS, consul 259 isc., defeated Hanno, and expelled the Carthaginians from Sardinia and Corsica. 3. P. CORNELIUS, son of (a), consul 218, was defeated by Hannibal at the Tiffinus, and again at the Trebia. In 217 he went to Spain with (4), meeting with considerable success, but both were slain, 211. 4. CN. CORNELIUS, the brother of (3), was consul 222, and slain in 211 with his brother. 5. P. CORNELIUS, afterwards AFRICANUS, afri-CCV-,111S, born 234 n.c., was son of (3), whose life he saved at the Ticinus defeat. He served at Cann, and displayed great vigour among the survivors at Canusium. He was mdile 212, though under age, and was sent, err, to Spain, to take the command when his father fell. After conquer ing Spain, he was consul 2o5, and, having collected a large volunteer force in Sicily, he crossed to Africa, where he defeated the Car thaginians and Syphax, and on the ,9th October, 202, routed Hannibal, who had been recalled from Italy, at Zama ; thus terminating the second Punic war, for which he received the surname Africanus. In 193 he was sent to mediate between Masinissa and the Carthagi nians ; and he was legate to his brother (6) in the war with Antffichus the Great ; and on the conclusion of peace both brothers were prose cuted for receiving a bribe from the king. Lucius was convicted ; but Scipio, when arraigned, summoned the people to go with him t^ the Capitol to return thanks for the victory of Zama, of which that day was the anniversary, and the prosecution was allowed to drop. Scipio retired to Laternum, where he spent the rest of his life, dying about 180. He was regarded in the following generations as a pattern of virtue, simplicity, courage, and liberality. 6. L. CORNELIUS, ASIATICUS, a-si-X-11-cus, was brother of (5), with whom lie served in Spain and Africa. He was consul 19o, his brother (5) Africanus then becoming his legate, and marched against Antffichus the Great, whom he defeated at Mount SipOus.
On the conclusion of peace he was charged with having received a bribe from Antiochus, and the condemnation reduced him to poverty. 7. P. CORNELIUS NASICA, net-se-ea (pointed nose), son of (4) and cousin of (5), went, 204 B. c., as commissioner with the Roman matrons to bring from Ostia Cybele's statue from Pessinus. He was prmtor of Hispania Ulterior 194 ; and when consul, 19z, defeated the Boil. 8. P. CORNELIUS, JEMILIANUS, a.mir-l d'-nus, adopted by (9), was son of iEmilius Paulus, the conqueror of Perseus, and named AFRICANUS the younger. He was born about 183 B.C., and fought at Pydna, 168. In the third Punic war he was intrusted with the attack on Carthage, being elected consul, though under the legal age, and he stormed it, x46. After being censor, r4a, he was accused of treason, 139, but acquitted. He reduced Numantla, 133 ; whence his new surname of NUMANTINUS, nu-man-ti'-nus. He opposed the popular party on his return to Rome, and was found dead in his bed. It is supposed that he was murdered by Carbo. Scipio was devoted to literature, and numbered Lmlius, Panmtlus, Polybius, Lucilius, and Terence among his intimate friends, and he saved many Phenician works from the flames of Carthage. He emulated the virtues of the elder Africanus. 9. P. CORNELIUS, NASICA, son of (7), a cele brated lawyer, styled from his sagacity CORCULUM, no. L. CORNELIUS, ASIATICUS, grandson of (6), consul 83 B.C., supported the Marians. x x. P. CORNELIUS, NASICA SERAPIO, son of (9), was the chief instigator of the murder of Tiberius Gracchus, x33 B.c., in consequence of which he had to retire from Rome. Ia. P. CORNELIUS, NASICA, grandson of (ix) by his son P. (the consul III B.c.), was the father-in-law of Pompey the Great, and was himself adopted by Metellus Pips. He led the Pompeians at Thapsus, and killed himself soon after the defeat, 46 B.C.
SCIRON, a famous robber on the borders of Attica and Megaris, was slain by Theseus. He used to make his captives was his feet on the rocks, SarcVnia Ser.ra, on the eastern coast of Megaris, and then kicked them into the sea.