COLLEGE, Gresham, or CoLtras of philosophy, a College founded by Sir Tho mas Gresham, who built the Royal Ex change, a moiety of the revenue whereof he gave in trust to the Mayor and Com monalty of London. and their sucessors for ever, and the other moiety to the Com pany of Mercers ; the first, to find four able persons to read in the College, divini ty, astronomy, music, and geometry ; and the last, three or more able men to read rhetoric, civil law, and physic ; a lecture upon each subject is to be read in term time, every day, except Sundays, in Latin, in the forenoon, and the same in English in the afternoon : only the music lecture is to be read alone in English.
Cou.aes of Heralds, or COLLEGE of Arms, commonly called the Heralds Of fice. a corporation founded by charter of King Richard III. who granted them se veral privileges, as, to be free from subsi dies, tolls, offices, &c. They had a second charter from King Edward VI.; and a house built near Doctors' Commons by the Earl of Derby, in the reign of King Henry VII. was given them by the Duke of Norfolk, in the reign of Queen Mary, which house is now rebuilt. This College is subordinate to the Earl Marshal of Eng land. They are assistants to him in his court of chivalry, usually.held in the com mon hall of the College, where they sit in their rich coats of his Majesty's arms.
COLLEGE of Heralds, in Scotland. The principal person in the Scottish Court of Honour, is Lyon King at Arms, who has six heralds and six pursuivants, and a great number of messengers at arms un der him, who, together, make up the College of Heralds. The Lyon is oblig ed to hold two peremptory courts in the year, at Edinburgh, on the 6th of May and the 6th of November, and to call officers of arms and their cautioners be fore him upon complaints ; and, if found culpable upon trial, to deprive and fine them and their cautioners. Lyon and his brethren, the heralds, have power to visit the arms of noblemen and gentle rrien, and to distinguish them with dif ferences, to register them in their books, as also to inhibit such to hear arms, as by the law of arms ought not to bear them, under the pain of escheating to the King the thing whereon the arms are found, and of a hundred marks Scots to Lyon and his brethren ; or of imprisonment during Lyon's pleasure. The College of Heralds are the judges of the malversa tion of messengers, whose business is to execute summonses and letters of dili gence for civil debt, 'real or personal.