PAVEMENT, a layer of stone, or other matter, serving to cover and strengthen the ground of divers -places for the more commodious walking on. In London the pavement for coach-ways is chiefly a kind of granite from Scot land : and on the footpath Yorkshire paving is used ; courts, stables, kitchens, halls, churches, &c. are paved usually with tiles, bricks, flags, or fire-stones ; and sometimes with a kind of free-stone and rag-stone. In France, the public roads, streets, courts, &c. are paved with gres, a kind of free-stone. In Venice, the streets, &c. are paved with brick ; churches sometimes with marble, and sometimes with Mosaic work. In Am sterdam, and the chief cities of Holland, they call their brick pavement the bur gomaster's pavement, to distinguish it from the stone or flint pavement, which is usually in the middle of the street, serving for the passage of their horses, carts, coaches, and other carriages ; the brick borders being designed for the pas sage of people on foot. Pavements of
free-stone, flints, and flags, in streets, &c. are laid dry, that is, are retained in a bed of sand ; those of courts, stables, ground-rooms, &c. are laid in mortar of lime and sand, or in lime and cement, es pecially if there be vaults or cellars un derneath. Some masons, after laying a floor dry, especially of brick, spread a thin mortar over it, sweeping it back wards and forwards, to fill up the joints. Thirty-two statute bricks, laid flat, pave a yard square ; sixty-four edgewise. The square tiles used in paving, called paving bricks, are of various sizes, from six to twelve inches square. Pavements of churches, &c. frequently consist of stones of different colours, chiefly black and white, and of several forms, but chiefly square and lozenges, artfully disposed.