ABBAS-MIRZA, a Persian prince, well known by his wars against Russia, was the son of the shalt Feth-Ali, and was born in 1783. Abbas possessed great talents and acquire 'Dents, and a love for the manners and culture of the west. When he was yet young. his father made hint governor of the province Azerbijan, where, by the help of English officers, he applied himself to the reform of the army. When Persia, in 1811, influenced by France, declared war against Russia. Abbas was commander-in-chief of the main body of the Persian army, but was unsuccessful. Persia lost,. at the peace of Gulistan, K. L-2 • in 1813, its remaining possessions in the Caucasus. and was forced to acknowledge the flag of Russia on the Caspian sea. At the instigation of Abbas, a new war broke out in 1826, between Feth-Ali and Russia. The prince fought a second time with extraordi nary bravery at the head of the army, but was again obliged to yield to the superiority of the Russian arms, and to conclude d peace, on Feb. 22, 1828, at Turkmautschai, by
which Persia lost all share in Armenia. In this treaty, Russia had guaranteed to Abbas the succession to the Persian throne, the consequence of which was that he became dependent on Russia, and was obliged to give up his connection with England. When, in 1829, the Russian ambassador at Teheran was murdered in a popular tumult, which he had provoked by imprudence, Abbas went in person to St. Petersburg, to prevent any ill consequences, and to maintain the peace. Ile was received by the emperor with kindness, and went back to Persia loaded with presents. Ile died in 1833. His death was a great loss to his country, although he could not have prevented the encroachments of Russia. His eldest son, Mohammed Mirza, mounted the throne iu 1834, on the death of Feth-Ali, under the united protection of England and Russia.