ARMAGH', a small inland co. in Ulster, Ireland; bounded n. by Lough Neagh, e. by Down, s. by Louth, w. by Monaghan and Tyrone. Its greatest length is 32 in., and breadth 20. Area, sq.m., about four fifths being arable. and a 8Gth part in woods. The sur face is hilly in the s. and undulating in the center, attaining, in Slieve Gullion, in the s.w., the height. of 1893 feet. The other chief heights are the mountains, 1385 ft.; the hills,. 1200; .and Muliya.sh, 1034. The country bordering upon Lough Neagh is low and boggy, and the Louth plain extends into the s. end of A. The princi pal rivers navigable in their lower parts arc the upper Bann, flowing out of Down n.w. for 11 in. before it enters Lough Neagh; and the Blackwater, which in its lower part separates A. from Monaghan. The rocks of A. are lower silurian in the s. and middle of the co.; the trap of Antrim with the underlying greonsand around Portadown; carbonif erous limestone in the basins of the Blackwater, and its tributary the Callan ; granite in the mountains of the s.e.; and tertiary strata bordering Lough Neagh. The soil is fertile
except in the southern extremities. In 1875, 168,892 acres were in crop, the principal crops being oats, potatoes, wheat, turnips, and flax. The stock in that year was 12,578 horses, 82,614 cattle,-14,974 sheep, 25,064 pigs. The n. and central parts of A. exhibit dense population, low hills cultivated. to the tops, hedgerows, orchards, and thickly scattered farm steadings. The co. is mostly in the diocese of Armagh. It returns three members of parliament—two for the co., and one for the city. The chief towns are A., Lurgan, Portadown, and Newry. Pop. '71, 179,260, of whom 85,057 are Roman Catholics, 58,343 Episcopalians, and 28,344 Presbyterians. The national schools had 33,693 pupils on the roll in 1875.