NEWBURG (ante), situated on a steep slope of the Hudson river, has its water front lined with warehouses, and enjoys a considerable commerce; pop.. '80, 18,050. The locality was seen by Hudson in 1600, who wrote of it: "It is as beautiful a land as one can tread upon; a very pleasant place to build a town on." It was occupied tat that time. and for some years later, by a portion of the Delaware tribe of Indians, who were defeated by the Dutch in the war of 1658-60, and driven away in 1663. In 1709 it was settled by Gorman Lutherans from the Palatinate of the Rhine, who ca:led it "The Palatine Parish of Quassaie." In 1752, the Germans having been displaced, its name was changed to "The Parish of Newburg," from its resemblance to :Newburgh on the river Tay inScotland. It was the headquarters of gen. Washington in 1782-83; and the house which he occupied, in the s. part of the city, is now the property of the state, and is preserved as a historical relic, containing a museum of revolutionary curiosities, open to the public.. Here the continental army was disbanded, and it was from this place that the celebrated "Newburg letters" emanated, containing a treasonable sug gestion to create Washington " king of America." considered so important that Wash ington convened the officers of the army in a public building in the city, and address( d them in earnest remonstrance—a course which at once destroyed any possible influence of the letters in question. Newburg is an important coal market, and has sonic manu
factures. It has 23 churches, a public school system, and a water-supply with expensive works. The Newburg and New York railroad connects with the Ede railroad at Tur ner's. On a height overlooking the city is the theological seminary of the 'United Pres byterian church. Steamboats connect the city with New York.
t NEWBURY, a municipal borough and market t. of Berkshire, England, on both banks of the Kennet, 17 m. w.s.w. of Reading. The church, a specimen of the perpen dicular style. was built in the reign of Henry VII. ; but the tower was built by John Winchcombe, a clothier and famous citizen of Newbury in the reign of henry VIII. Since 1862 an' annual wool-market has been held here. In 1862 a new corn exchange WAS built. Newbury is the best known for two hard-fought battles between the royalists and parliamentarian forces which took place—the first in September, 1643, the second in October, 1644. In the former, victory was undecided; in the latter the advantage was on the side of the parliamentarians. Pop., '71, 6,602.