NORTHCUTT:MI, RAtmorroo, Count, b. near Modena, 1608, and entered the Austrian artillery as a volunteer under his uncle, Ernesto, count Montecuculi, in 1027. the Thirty Years' war he found many opportunities of distinguishing himself, received. rapid promotion, and was employed in various services, military and diplomatic. In 1657 he was sent to support the king of Poland, John Casimir, against the Swedes and Raltoczy, which he did with great effect, compelling Rakoczy to make peace with Poland, and to break his alliance with the Swedes. In the following year lie was made. a field-marshal, and was sent to aid the Danes against the Swedes, in which also he was eminently successful. In 1660 he commanded the army sent to oppose the Turks, who had broken into Transylvania, and skillfully kept them in check till the arrival of the French, with whose assistance he won the great battle of St. Gotthard, on the banks of the Raab, Aug. 1, 1664—the first decided triumph of European tactics and discipline. over the mere numbers and daring of the Ottoman hosts. When the war broke out between France and Holland, in which the emperor took part with I Tolland, Montecuculi received the command of the imperial army in 1672. He took Bonn, and notwithstand
ing the endeavors of Turenne to prevent it, effected a junction with the prince of Orange. In 1675 he was opposed to Turenne on the Rhine, and they spent four months in ma neuvers in which neither could gain any advantage. After this campaign, Montecuculi spent the remainder of his (lays at the imperial court and in the society of learned men. He was himself a man of learning and various accomplishments, and has left works on the art of war, on the Turkish war, and on the war of 1464, and also sonnets. The emperor Leopold made him a prince of the empire, and the king of Naples bestowed on hint the duchy of Melfi. He lost his life by the fall of a beam as he was entering Linz with the imperial court, Oct. 16. 1681. His writings were published in the original Italian by Ugo Foscolo (2 vols. Milan, 1807); and by J. Grassi (2 vols. Turin, 1821). A. semi-autobiographic memoir was translated into Latin, and published at Vienna, under the title of Commentaril in 1718.