VIVERRIDE, a family of carnivora, having the body elongated. the claws partly retractile, the pupil of the eye circular during the day, and not contracted into a vertical line as in the felidtv, and in general a strong musky odor, proceeding from a secretion in a pouch near the anus. To this family belong the civet, genet, ichneumon, etc.
VIVERRIDiE (ante). A family of semi-plantigrade carnivorous animals, embracing the virerra of Linnteus, who placed it between felts and mustela. The civets (viverra) of envier are placed in the last edition of his Begne Animal between the dogs and hyenas, which arc followed by the cats (fells). The genera and species are numerous. They are all of moderate size, with sharp muzzles and long tails, and are more or less striped, banded, or spotted. The dental formula of the genus riverra is 3-3 1 1 4 4 c pm ; 2 2 = 40.
3 3' 1 4 4 2 2 The upper fourth premolar and the lower first molar have edges, while both the upper molars and the last lower molars have crowns faced with tubercles. The canines are long and sharp, and the tongue is very rough, with numerous hard, elon gated papilla;: the claws are partially retractile, and on exposure to the light the pupils contract to a line. in most of their characters, therefore, the viverrithe are much more carnivorous than the mustelidre, and have close affinities with the hyenas. Several spe cies of the family have anal glands which secrete a peculiar odorous, fatty substance called civet. They all belong to the old world. An American genus, bassaris, was once referred to the fain ily,but it is now known that the structure of its skull relates it to the ma coons. The true civet-cat is a native of n. Africa and eastern Asia. See CINET, ants. Among the other forms referred to the viverridm, are the mangusta (ichneumon, q.v.), the genet (q.v.), the suricate (q.v.). the paradaeurus, the ma ague or crossarchus of west ern Africa, and the cryptoprocta of Madagascar. The paradoxurus has much the character of the civets and genets. It has a tail capable of being rolled to its base, but it is not prehensile; toes five, nearly palmated ; sole of foot tuberculous, applied throughout its surface to the ground. The parado.surus typus, or paradoxure, was confounded by Buffon with the common genet (correction made byM. F. Cuvier).
In form and habits it does not differ much from that animal, but the odoriferous pouch is absent. The is very peculiar. It is as long as the body, and de pressed above and below. The extreme end when extended is turned over, bottom uppermost, and the animal can roll it up spirally from the extremity to the base. In the crossarchus the head is more rounded than in the ichneumons, and the muzzle is larger and movable. The pupil is round, and the tongue smooth on its edges, but rough and horny in the center. Pouch, secreting an unctuous, fetid, fatty matter. Crossarchus &scums is nearly two feet long including the tail, which is about eight inches. The fur is composed of two kinds of hair, the external harsh, of a uniform brown, a little brighter on the head ; cheeks pale. The genus cryptoprosta approaches more nearly than most of the other forms to the felida, having claws on both feet retractile, and furnished with the retractile ligaments. It has a slender body; strong limbs of moderate length; head narrow and slightly elongated ; ,small glandular muzzle ; nostrils with deep lateral sinus; numerous stiff whiskers; cars rather large and rounded, with a fold on the posterior margin and hairy within and without, except in the auditory passage; fore rather shorter than hind limbs; tail as long as body, reaching; when turned over, to the ears; soles on fore feet naked to carpus, on the posterior, to the heel; toes united nearly to the tips. C. !eras is a native of Madagascar.
Ltis, LL.D., 1492-1540 ; b. Valencia, Spain ; studied at Paris and Louvain; professor of the Latin language at Louvain; pnolished a book at Paris in 1519 against the schpolmen; formed an ultimate friendship at Louvain with Erasmus' and Builreus; invited to England by Henry VIII., who made him tutor of the princess Mary, 1523; wrote for her two essays entitled Dc Rations St udil Puerilis Epistola Dues; imprisoned by order of Henry VIII. for opposing the divorce of queen Catharine of Aragon. 1528; Nvlicii released went to Bruges. Ile wrote on philology, philosophy, and divinity. His principal works are De Causis Corruptarum Artimnt; De fuittis Sectis et Laudibus Paolo phoum; De Veritate Fidei Christiana3; De Anima et Vita ; commentaries on Augustine's City of' God, the Dream of Scipio, the Reedits of Virgil.