ZUT'PHEN, a fortified t, in the Netherlands, province of Gelderland, is beautifully situated on the right bank of the Yssel, where that river is joined by the Berkel, in a picturesque district of 'country, chiefly under cultivation, and variegated with abundance of wood. It is one of the oldest towns in the kingdom, but has many elegant modern build ings. The fortifications are promenades, from many points of which lovely prospects are obtained.
Zutphen is a station of the state railway from Arnhem to Friesland, and has an extensive trade in wood, bark, and grain. There are factories for weaving and spinning, grain, wool, oil, and paper mills, many tanneries, a soap-boiling establishment, and a large carpet manufactory. The principal building is the Great Church, supposed to have been founded in 1103; it and the Broedereukerk (Church of the Brethren) belong to the Reformed communion ; the Roman Catholics, Lutherans, and Baptists have each a church, and the Jews a synagogue. Besides good schools for the ordinary branches of education, there are a grammar-school, school of design, a theater, and a concert-hall. The town
has several charitable institutions for the sick, orphans, and old people; also the provin cial lunatic asylum, which can receive 220 patients. Pop. Jan. 1, '75, 14,421.
At Rysselt, a village near Zutphen, is a reformatory, called the Netherlands Mettray, in which about 150 boys are educated, and taught farm-labor and various handicrafts. It was founded in 1851, and has done much good. Nearly one-half of the boys have been withdrawn by their parents. The others obtain situations through the directors. The largest number have taken to farm-labor and gardening, for which the reformatory specially prepares them. Many have become soldiers and sailors; others smiths, house painters, shoemakers, tailors, bakers, bricklayers, house-servants. etc. The institution is maintained by annual contributions, legacies, and a smalL charge for each boy. The receipts are about £3,500 annually, of which, on an average, a halt is from legacies and contributions. The expenditure is about the seine.